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First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Akiyama, Kazunori1,2,3,4; Alberdi, Antxon5; Alef, Walter6; Asada, Keiichi7; Azulay, Rebecca6,8,9; Baczko, Anne-Kathrin6; Ball, David10,11; Balokovic, Mislav4,12; Barrett, John2; Bintley, Dan13 |
| 刊名 | ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
 |
| 出版日期 | 2019-04-10 |
| 卷号 | 875期号:1页码:17 |
| ISSN号 | 2041-8205 |
| 关键词 | accretion, accretion disks black hole physics galaxies: active galaxies: individual (M87) galaxies: jets gravitation |
| DOI | 10.3847/2041-8213/ab0ec7 |
| 通讯作者 | Akiyama, Kazunori() |
| 英文摘要 | When surrounded by a transparent emission region, black holes are expected to reveal a dark shadow caused by gravitational light bending and photon capture at the event horizon. To image and study this phenomenon, we have assembled the Event Horizon Telescope, a global very long baseline interferometry array observing at a wavelength of 1.3 mm. This allows us to reconstruct event-horizon-scale images of the supermassive black hole candidate in the center of the giant elliptical galaxy M87. We have resolved the central compact radio source as an asymmetric bright emission ring with a diameter of 42 +/- 3 mu as, which is circular and encompasses a central depression in brightness with a flux ratio greater than or similar to 10: 1. The emission ring is recovered using different calibration and imaging schemes, with its diameter and width remaining stable over four different observations carried out in different days. Overall, the observed image is consistent with expectations for the shadow of a Kerr black hole as predicted by general relativity. The asymmetry in brightness in the ring can be explained in terms of relativistic beaming of the emission from a plasma rotating close to the speed of light around a black hole. We compare our images to an extensive library of ray-traced general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of black holes and derive a central mass of M = (6.5 +/- 0.7) x 10(9) M-circle dot. Our radio-wave observations thus provide powerful evidence for the presence of supermassive black holes in centers of galaxies and as the central engines of active galactic nuclei. They also present a new tool to explore gravity in its most extreme limit and on a mass scale that was so far not accessible. |
| WOS关键词 | SAGITTARIUS-A-ASTERISK ; ADVECTION-DOMINATED ACCRETION ; GHZ VLBI OBSERVATIONS ; RADIO-SOURCES ; GALACTIC-CENTER ; ENERGY-DISTRIBUTIONS ; GRMHD SIMULATIONS ; FARADAY-ROTATION ; HIGH-RESOLUTION ; IONIZED-GAS |
| WOS研究方向 | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 出版者 | IOP PUBLISHING LTD |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000464210800001 |
| 源URL | [http://libir.pmo.ac.cn/handle/332002/24567]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院紫金山天文台 |
| 通讯作者 | Akiyama, Kazunori |
| 作者单位 | 1.Natl Radio Astron Observ, 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA 2.MIT, Haystack Observ, 99 Millstone Rd, Westford, MA 01886 USA 3.Natl Astron Observ Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 1818588, Japan 4.Harvard Univ, Black Hole Initiat, 20 Garden St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA 5.CSIC, Inst Astrofis Andalucia, Glorieta Astron S-N, E-18008 Granada, Spain 6.Max Planck Inst Radioastron, Hugel 69, D-53121 Bonn, Germany 7.Acad Sinica, Inst Astron & Astrophys, 11F Astron Math Bldg,AS NTU 1,Sect 4,Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10617, Taiwan 8.Univ Valencia, Dept Astron & Astrofis, C Dr Moliner 50, E-46100 Valencia, Spain 9.Univ Valencia, Astron Observ, C Catedratico Jose Beltran 2, E-46980 Valencia, Spain 10.Univ Arizona, Steward Observ, 933 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Akiyama, Kazunori,Alberdi, Antxon,Alef, Walter,et al. First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole[J]. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS,2019,875(1):17. |
| APA | Akiyama, Kazunori.,Alberdi, Antxon.,Alef, Walter.,Asada, Keiichi.,Azulay, Rebecca.,...&Ziurys, Lucy.(2019).First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole.ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS,875(1),17. |
| MLA | Akiyama, Kazunori,et al."First M87 Event Horizon Telescope Results. I. The Shadow of the Supermassive Black Hole".ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS 875.1(2019):17. |
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