新疆阿拉尔灌区水分转化与盐分问题研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 陈小兵 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2004 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所．自然地理学． |
| 导师 | 周宏飞，中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 关键词 | 新疆阿拉尔 |
| 其他题名 | Study on Water Transformation and Salt Balance in Alar Irrigation Area, Xinjiang |
| 中文摘要 | 近几十年来，绿洲灌区的水土资源在繁荣当地经济的同时，也产生了诸多问题。上中游的大量引水与无序垦荒，一方面造成本灌区的地下水位持续上升，导致灌区土壤次生盐溃化：另一方面，上中游灌区的大量农田排水进入河道，造成下游灌区水质性缺水与荒漠植被的衰败。分析上中游灌区的水分转化与盐分运移规律是解决上述问题的关键6作者就此问题以新疆阿拉尔灌区作为个例进行了一些有益的尝试。文章的核心内容包括两部分：即第三章灌区的水资源利用与消耗和第四章灌区的水盐平衡问题研究。在第三章中主要研究了三方面的问题：其一，本灌区水面蒸发与气象要素的关系，建立有关经验公式含其二，干旱区水平衡要素中最关键的要素-潜水蒸发的计算方法研究，其三，灌区各种土地类型的耗水量的估算与灌区的水资源利用效率问题的概算与分析。第四章主要包括三个问题：第一，灌区的水盐运移概况；第二，土壤表层含盐量和地下水埋深和地下水矿化度的关系；第三，灌区的盐分平衡概算，并在此基础着重探讨了干排盐的作用。最后在第五章中分析当前研究的不足与存在的问题。并在此基础上，给出了一些可行的建议。In recent decades, although exploitation of water and land resources in oasis irrigation area flourishes local economy, it brings about many questions. In upstream and midstream, large quantity diversion and disorderly reclamation causes groundwater table increasing, provoking irrigation area secondary salinization. In addition, because the drainage from fields in upstream and midstream irrigation area enters into the channel, it leads to water quality shortage in downstream irrigation area and degeneration of desert vegetation. The key to solve these questions is the analysis of the law of water transformation and salt transport in upstream and midstream irrigation area. So, the author makes beneficial trial based on Alaer irrigation area. The following two contents are mainly researched in this thematic study: the third chapter -about water resources utilization and consumption, the fourth chapter about water and salt balance in local irrigation area. In the third chapter, there are three parts: 1) the relation of water table evaporation and meteorological parameters, developping empirical equation; 2) phreatic evaporation, which is a key factor in arid water balance, its calculation method; 3) estimation of water consumption for different types of land, general estimate and analysis for water resources utilization efficiency. In the fourth chapter, there are also three parts: 1) general law in water and salt movement for irrigation area; 2) the relation of salt content in subsurface, groundwater depth and mineralization degree; 3) general estimate of salt balance, and based on this, discussing the role of dry drainage salt. In the last chapter, the author analyses the deficiency and questions, and based on this, give some feasible advices. |
| 学科主题 | 自然地理学,农学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-12 |
| 页码 | 共61页 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8362]  |
| 专题 | 新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈小兵 . 新疆阿拉尔灌区水分转化与盐分问题研究[D]. 中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所．自然地理学．. 2004. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：新疆生态与地理研究所
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