草炭对土壤理化性质及小白菜产量和蛋白质含量影响
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 黄二中 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 1998 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所．土壤学． |
| 导师 | 王周琼，中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所 |
| 关键词 | 草炭 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文研究了石河子草炭和加拿大草炭对库尔班通古特沙漠南缘北沙窝普通简育正常干旱土的改良效果和对小白菜生长的影响。结果表明，草炭能改善土壤一些物理性质和化学性质，促进小白菜生长。土壤中加入草炭后土壤的物理性质有较大变化，土壤硬度降低，土壤三相比气相比例增加，固相比例减少，土壤的通气透水性增强；土壤的化学性质也有较大变化，土壤pH值降低，降低了碱性对植物生长胁迫，养分含量发生了变化，全氮，速效氮和水解氮含量增加，淡植物生长提供了氮素营养。而且上述各变化趋势随草炭在土壤中的比例的增加而增大.磷，钾含量变化不大。加拿大草炭碳氮比过高，约为70，小折菜生长过程中有缺氮现象，原因可能是土壤碳氮比高而造成土壤氮素营养植物可用性降低，补充氮肥和磷肥后有明显改善。干旱区保证植物供水是植物生长的重要条件，实验证明在土壤中加入石河子草炭和加拿大草炭能抑制小白菜气孔开启程度，从而提高小白菜的抗旱能力。另外，介质较高的土壤含水量能在一定程度上提高小白菜产量。草品湿重，干重有很大提高。另外，小白菜较大提高。石河子草炭处理盆栽在草炭含量达15%以后增产效率开始降低.加拿大草炭处理土壤A组和B组在草炭含量达2%比例后增产效率开始下降，C组5%比例后才开始下降。通过结论：单独施加草炭改土，与肥料一起施用改土以及不同水分条件下草炭都有一定改土效果，能不同程度上提高小白菜产量，石河子草炭改良土壤的最大比例为15%，加拿大草炭改良土壤的最大比例为2%。至于如何经济，有效地利用草炭在另一篇文章中讨论。另外，以草炭为主的土壤营养调节理已申请专利，中国专利局已受理，申请专利号为98107697.1。The effect of peat on the improvement of ordinary simply developed normal arid soil located in the south of the BeiShaWo, Kurbantonkut Desert was studied together with its effect on the growth of small cabbage. The result shows that peat can improve some physical and chemical properties of the soil. It can also advance the growth of small cabbage. After the addition of peat to the soil, the physical properties of the soil changed a lot, the hardness of the soil lowered, the solid,liquid and gas phase proportion changed with the result that the solid phase proportion decreased and the gas phase proportion increased, so that the aeration and permeability increased; Peat also affects the chemical property a lot. firstly it decreased the soil pH which lowered the coerce of acidity on the growth of the plant. the soil nutrient also changed. The amount of total nitrogen, rapidly available nitrogen, hydrolysable nitrogen increased, providing nitrogen nutrition for the growth of plant. Moreover, the above-mentioned variation trend increases with the addition of more peat to the soil, the amount of phosphor and potassium only have a slight change. The Canadian peat has a much higher C/N which is about 71, it might bring about the competition of nitrogen between plant and microorganisms, The experiment showed that the addition of nitrogen and phosphor fertilizer greatly increased the product of the small cabbage. It is very important to provide sufficient water for the plant in arid areas, the experiment showed that the addition of Shihezi peat and Canadian peat to the soil can lower the openness of plant stoma, improve its ability of coping with the dry condition, In addition, keeping the soil moisture in high level can increase small cabbage product in some degree. Evidently peat can increase the production of cabbage, the dry and wet matter is greatly increased additionally peat can also increase the amount of coarse protein and chlorophyll. The yield of Shihezi Peat treated cabbage become steady at fifteen percent proportion and does not increase with the adding of peat to the soil any more; the production of Canadian peat treated cabbage is highest when two percent peat is added to the soil. From the experiment we got the conclusion that: Treating soil only by peat or together with fertilizer in different water condition can improve the soil in some degree, and increase the yield of small cabbage. the effect of Shihezi peat begin to decrease in 15%, and that of Canadian peat is 2% for A and B group, 5% for C group. According to the experiment we got the following conclusion: either treating soil with peat singly or together with fertilizer, and in different water condition, peat can improve the soil in some degree, and increase the yield of small cabbage, the highest effective proportion of Shihezi peat is 15%, and that of Canadian peat is 2% As far as how to economically and effectively utilize the peat, another paper will discuss it. In addition, patent for Soil nutritious adjusting agent based mainly on peat has been applied for, and its number is 98107697.1. |
| 学科主题 | 作物栽培学与耕作学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-12 |
| 页码 | 共52页 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8536]  |
| 专题 | 新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 黄二中 . 草炭对土壤理化性质及小白菜产量和蛋白质含量影响[D]. 中国科学院．中国科学院新疆生物土壤沙漠研究所．土壤学．. 1998. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：新疆生态与地理研究所
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