Observation of the antimatter helium-4 nucleus
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Agakishiev, H.1; Aggarwal, M. M.2; Ahammed, Z.3; Alakhverdyants, A. V.1; Alekseev, I.4; Alford, J.5; Anderson, B. D.5; Anson, C. D.6; Arkhipkin, D.7; Averichev, G. S.1 |
| 刊名 | NATURE
 |
| 出版日期 | 2011-05-19 |
| 卷号 | 473页码:353-356 |
| ISSN号 | 0028-0836 |
| DOI | 10.1038/nature10079 |
| 英文摘要 | High-energy nuclear collisions create an energy density similar to that of the Universe microseconds after the Big Bang(1); in both cases, matter and antimatter are formed with comparable abundance. However, the relatively short-lived expansion in nuclear collisions allows antimatter to decouple quickly from matter, and avoid annihilation. Thus, a high-energy accelerator of heavy nuclei provides an efficient means of producing and studying antimatter. The antimatter helium-4 nucleus ((4)(He) over bar), also known as the anti-alpha ((alpha) over bar), consists of two antiprotons and two antineutrons (baryon number B = -4). It has not been observed previously, although the alpha-particle was identified a century ago by Rutherford and is present in cosmic radiation at the ten per cent level(2). Antimatter nuclei with B -1 have been observed only as rare products of interactions at particle accelerators, where the rate of antinucleus production in high-energy collisions decreases by a factor of about 1,000 with each additional antinucleon(3-5). Here we report the observation of (4)<(He) over bar, the heaviest observed antinucleus to date. In total, 18 (4)(He) over bar counts were detected at the STAR experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC; ref. 6) in 10(9) recorded gold-on-gold (Au+Au) collisions at centre-of-mass energies of 200 GeV and 62 GeV per nucleon-nucleon pair. The yield is consistent with expectations from thermodynamic(7) and coalescent nucleosynthesis(8) models, providing an indication of the production rate of even heavier antimatter nuclei and a benchmark for possible future observations of (4)(He) over bar in cosmic radiation. |
| WOS关键词 | QUARK-GLUON PLASMA ; ANTIPROTONS ; COLLISIONS ; ELECTRON |
| 资助项目 | RHIC Operations Group ; RACF at BNL ; NERSC Center at LBNL ; Open Science Grid consortium ; Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science ; US NSF ; Sloan Foundation ; DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' of Germany ; CNRS/IN2P3 ; FAPESP ; CNPq of Brazil ; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation ; NNSFC ; CAS ; MoST ; MoE of China ; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic ; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands ; DAE, DST and CSIR of India ; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education ; Korea Research Foundation ; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of Croatia ; RosAtom of Russia |
| WOS研究方向 | Science & Technology - Other Topics |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 出版者 | NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000290722400043 |
| 资助机构 | RHIC Operations Group ; RACF at BNL ; NERSC Center at LBNL ; Open Science Grid consortium ; Offices of NP and HEP within the US DOE Office of Science ; US NSF ; Sloan Foundation ; DFG cluster of excellence 'Origin and Structure of the Universe' of Germany ; CNRS/IN2P3 ; FAPESP ; CNPq of Brazil ; Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation ; NNSFC ; CAS ; MoST ; MoE of China ; GA and MSMT of the Czech Republic ; FOM and NWO of the Netherlands ; DAE, DST and CSIR of India ; Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education ; Korea Research Foundation ; Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of Croatia ; RosAtom of Russia |
| 源URL | [http://119.78.100.186/handle/113462/33443]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 |
| 作者单位 | 1.Joint Inst Nucl Res, Dubna 141980, Russia 2.Panjab Univ, Chandigarh 160014, India 3.Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA 4.Alikhanov Inst Theoret & Expt Phys, Moscow 117218, Russia 5.Kent State Univ, Kent, OH 44242 USA 6.Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA 7.Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA 8.MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA 9.Indian Inst Technol, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India 10.Univ Houston, Houston, TX 77204 USA |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Agakishiev, H.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Ahammed, Z.,et al. Observation of the antimatter helium-4 nucleus[J]. NATURE,2011,473:353-356. |
| APA | Agakishiev, H..,Aggarwal, M. M..,Ahammed, Z..,Alakhverdyants, A. V..,Alekseev, I..,...&Zoulkarneeva, Y..(2011).Observation of the antimatter helium-4 nucleus.NATURE,473,353-356. |
| MLA | Agakishiev, H.,et al."Observation of the antimatter helium-4 nucleus".NATURE 473(2011):353-356. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：近代物理研究所
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