This research is the first report on the purification of domestic wastewater in respect to the application of strontium-doped TiO2 coated on porous ceramic filter media (Sr-TiO2/PCFM) in eight laboratory-scale vertical flow constructed wetlands under irradiation of UV light. All the major pollutant parameters of wastewater were investigated. The online parameters showed that the decrease of dissolved oxygen (DO) reached 68.89% and in the constructed wetlands group which had the Sr-TiO2/PCFM material and had a certain anti-clogging ability. By the presence of photocatalyst Sr-TiO2/PCFM material, the removal efficiency of COD reached over 80% and eventually stabilized at a higher level (over 71%). Besides that, the Sr-TiO2/PCFM material in constructed wetlands improved the average removal efficiency of total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), NH4+-N, total suspended solids (TSS), and turbidity by 60.89%, 34.89%, 41.87%, 21.10%, and 36.85%, respectively. With Sr-TiO2/PCFM material, under the irradiation of UV light, the overall removal efficiency of organic matter removal in terms of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was 52% in 4 h, which was the best compared with other constructed wetland groups. The results of this study may in turn support improved testing and better optimization of constructed wetland systems for wastewater treatment.