山茶属古茶组和金花茶组的分子系统学研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 方伟 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008-06-04 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 昆明植物研究所 |
| 导师 | 李德铢 |
| 关键词 | 古茶组 金花茶组 分子系统学 地理分布 |
| 其他题名 | Molecular systematics of Camellia Sect. Archecamellia Sealy and Sect.Chrysantha H.T.Chang (Theaceae) |
| 学位专业 | 植物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 在山茶属Camellia L.的传统分类学研究中，古茶组Camellia Sect. Archecamellia Sealy和金花茶组C. Sect. Chrysantha H. T. Chang的系统关系一直有很大争议，一方面观点认为古茶组和金花茶组是在形态性状上有明显差别，分别处于不同进化阶段的两个自然类群；另一方面观点则认为古茶组和金花茶组的形态特征十分相似，关系非常紧密，金花茶组应并入古茶组。造成上述分歧的主要原因是不同学者对山茶属形态性状的认识差异。由于缺乏客观而有效的评判标准，两个组的范畴和系统关系问题一直未能得到很好解决。 本文采用分子系统学的研究手段，对古茶组和金花茶组进行了系统发育重建，重点研究了两个组的系统关系及分类学范畴，并对组内种间关系、地理分布规律进行了初步探讨，主要结果如下： 基于trnL-F、trnH-psbA、trnL-rpl32、rpl16、GBSSI五个DNA片段的联合分析对古茶组和金花茶组及其近缘种（共36种）构建分子系统树的结果表明：古茶组和金花茶组都不是单系类群；古茶组的多瓣山茶(Camellia petelotii)与金花茶组分类群构成一个较好支持的单系，而与古茶组另一个种越南抱茎茶(C. amplexicaulis)分别处于两个不同的大支。根据目前取样的分子系统学研究结果来看，我们认为金花茶组应并入古茶组，并建议将越南抱茎茶从古茶组中移出，新的古茶组主要包括多瓣山茶和所有金花茶组种类，“花冠黄色”是其共同衍征。但由于缺乏古茶组的越南长叶山茶(C. krempfii)、黄花茶(C. flava)等种的材料，该结论还有待于更全面的取样和其它方面研究证据的支持。 在新界定的古茶组内，形成四个大的分支：主要分布于越南北部的种类构成一支，以多瓣山茶为代表，此外还包括C. crassiphylla、 C. hirsuta、 C. murauchii、C. tamdaoensis 、C. hakodae、 C. thanxaensis和C. phanii。国产种类主要局限分布于我国广西，在系统树中聚在三个不同分支中。广西的十万大山是古茶组分布区的一个重要界线，十万大山东南面的防城地区分布的种类，包括显脉金花茶（C. euphlebia）、东兴金花茶(C. tunghinensis)、金花茶(C. nitidissima)等构成一支；十万大山西北面广大地区（包括龙州，宁明，扶绥，平果等县）分布的种类多数构成一支，龙州金花茶（C. longzhouensis）和弄岗金花茶(C. longgangensis)两种又 单独构成一支。值得注意的是，作为单系分支的古茶组内种间的亲缘关系与它们的地理分布格局相吻合。 |
| 英文摘要 | In the classical taxonomy of the Genus Camellia, the phylogenetic relationship of Sect. Archecamellia Sealy and Sect. Chrysantha H. T. Chang is confused and in dispute. One opinion is that the two sections with different characteristics, and are treated as two natural groups in the classification of Camellia. Another is that two sections are closely related with very similar characteristics, and Sect. Chrysantha should be combined with Sect. Archecamllia. The divergence of opinion is mainly caused by the disparate understanding on the morphological traits in Camellia species. With no available criterion, the problem has not resolved yet. This paper introduced the means of molecular systematics to resolve the above problem, and the phylogenetic relationships among Sect. Archecamellia and Sect. Chrysantha species is reconstructed. Special attention has been paid to the circumscription of Sect. Archecamellia and Sect. Chrysantha, and the relationship of the two sections. In addition, interspecies relationship and geographical distribution with the section(s) were discussed. Major results were summarized as follows: Inferred from the combined analyses based on four chloroplast DNA regions (trnL-F、trnH-psbA、trnL-rpl32、rpl16) and one nuclear gene (GBSSI) of 36 taxa of Sect. Archecamellia and Sect. Chrysantha and related sections, molecular systematics of the two sections was elucidated. The results implied that the Sect. Archecamellia sensu Sealy and the Sect. Chrysantha sensu H. T. Chang were not monophyletic. Camellia petelotii of Sect. Archecamellia, and Sect. Chrysantha, formed a well-supported monophyletic clade, while a species of Sect. Archecamellia, C. amplexicaulis, fell into another clade. Based on the result of the sampled species (including the type species of the latter section), we suggested that Sect. Chrysantha should be combined with Sect. Archecamllia, and C. amplexicaulis should be excluded from Sect. Archecamllia. The newly circumscribed Sect. Archecamllia included C. petelotii and all taxa previously treated in Sect. Chrysantha with yellow corolla being their synapomorphic character. Because of the lack of some other species of Sect. Archecamllia, such as C. krempfii, and C. flava, this conclusion should be confirmed by studies with more sampling and evidence. The newly circumscribed Sect. Archecamllia includes four clades. The species distributed in north Vietnam, represented by C. petelotii, clustered into a clade, which contains C. petelotii, C. crassiphylla, C. hirsuta, C. murauchii, C. tamdaoensis, C. hakodae, C. thanxaensis and C. phanii. The species from China formed the other three clades. They mainly confined to Guangxi, and the Shi-wan Da Shan (Mountain) is an important borderline, which separates the distributional area into two regions, the Fangcheng region which located in the southeast of the Mountain and the large region in the northwest of the Mountain, which contains several counties, including Longzhou, Ningming, Fusui, Pingguo, etc. Four species, C. euphlebia, C. tunghinensis, C. nitidissima, and C. nitidissima var. phaeopubisperma, from the Fangcheng region formed one clade. The majority of species distributed in the northwest of the Mountain formed the next one, and C. longzhouensis and C. longgangensis formed the third one. It is noteworthy the interspecies relationships within the section are corresponded to their geographical distributions. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-10-25 |
| 页码 | 79 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/210]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 方伟. 山茶属古茶组和金花茶组的分子系统学研究[D]. 昆明植物研究所. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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