瑞香狼毒的繁育系统、分子进化及地理分布格局形成的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 张永洪 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008-01-23 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 昆明植物研究所 |
| 导师 | 孙航 |
| 关键词 | 瑞香狼毒 繁殖生态学 系统发育 谱系地理 遗传多样性 起源与分化 |
| 其他题名 | Study on the breeding system, molecular evolution and modern biogeographical pattern in Stellera chamaejasme |
| 学位专业 | 植物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 瑞香狼毒(Stellera chamaejasme L.)是一种分布广泛的物种，种内变异较大，不同花色植物居群呈异域分布格局。本文在形态学研究基础上，对其进行了繁殖生态学、分子系统学、谱系生物地理学、遗传多样性的研究。瑞香狼毒是一种自交不亲合植物，植物的授粉过程依赖于传粉昆虫。较高的花粉活力、柱头可授性能维持较长时间及多样的传粉昆虫及异交繁育机制是瑞香狼毒在成为杂原杂草的重要原因。瑞香狼毒具有较高的遗传多样性，居群间发生了较大的遗传分化。物种水平上较高的遗传多样性是其成为草原杂草的遗传基础，地理的隔离是居群间发生遗传分化的外在动力。分子系统学和谱系地理学研究表明瑞香狼毒白红花色特征是祖征，其它花色特征为衍征；传统的基于形态学的种下分类系统不能反映出瑞香狼毒的系统发育关系。瑞香狼毒是一个起源时间较晚的物种，10Ma左右青藏高原的隆升在其物种起源中起着重要的作用。在10-3Ma左右，青藏高原、云贵高原及内蒙古高原形成的统一夷平面以及这一时期广泛分布的草原生境为瑞香狼毒的扩散提供了良好的条件。3Ma左右高原隆升形成的高寒生境以及从3.4Ma左右开始的横断运动导致高原夷平面解体形成的片断化生境在物种分化及现代地理分布格局的形成过程中起着至关重要的作用。 |
| 英文摘要 | Stellera chamaejasme L. is a dominant plant with thousands of colonies flourishing on the grassland in wide geographical range. The very attractive and distinct characteres of S. chamaejasme are the flower color polymorphism such as white-red, white-yellow, red or yellow and the allopatrical distribution of different flower color populations. Comprehensive studis including gross-morphology, cladistic and phylogeographical analysis based on DNA sequence, genetic diversity anlysis based on molecular marker (AFLP) were carried out on S. chamaejasme. The results of controlled pollination experiments showed that S.chamaejasme was self-incompatible plant. The pollination syndrome of S. chamaejasme is entomophily. The flourishing of S. chamaejasme on the grassland were owing to the high pollen viability and stigma receptivity, self-incompatible breeding system as well as pollinators diversity. This speicies possessed highly genetic diversity and highly genetic differentiation among population. High genetic diversity mainly contributed to this species the genetic base of being a weed plant. Geographical isolation tiger the differentiation among populations. The results of phylogeny and phylogeography studies showed that white-red flower color was ancestral character of S.chamaejasme, while red-flower color, white-yellow flower color and yellow flower color were derived characters from white-red flower character. The traditional taxonomy based on morphological study didn’t reflect the real intraspecies relationship. The origin time of S.chamaejasme was deduced about 10 Ma B.P.. The uplifting of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau played key role during the origin of this species. The formation of Chinese Planation Surface comprising Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, Inner Mongolia plateau and Yun-Gui plateau, as well as the wide distributive grassland provided a suitable habitat for rapid radiation and expansion of S.chamaejasme during 10-3 Ma B.P.. This period is the most important stage for the formation of modern distribution pattern of S.chamaejasme. During 3-4Ma B.P, uplift of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Hengduan Movement changed the geographical condition magnitudely. As a result of those geological events, different populations were isolated and differentiated allopatrically. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-10-25 |
| 页码 | 118 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/282]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张永洪. 瑞香狼毒的繁育系统、分子进化及地理分布格局形成的研究[D]. 昆明植物研究所. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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