云南红豆杉遗传多样性与紫杉醇含量关系的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 于晓芹 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-05-21 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 昆明植物研究所 |
| 导师 | 顾志建 |
| 关键词 | 云南红豆杉 遗传多样性 遗传变异 紫杉醇含量 AFLP HPLC |
| 其他题名 | Study on the Relationships between Genetic Diversity and Taxol Content of Taxus wallichian |
| 学位专业 | 植物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文应用分子标记技术（AFLP）和高效液相方法（HPLC）研究了云南西北部、西部、南部和中部的云南红豆杉（Taxus wallichiana）。分别研究了采自维西、禄丰、潞西、永德、云龙、腾冲、南华7个不同居群的遗传多样性和紫杉醇含量，并探讨了遗传变异和紫杉醇含量之间的相互关系，为筛选云南红豆杉优良种源进行了分析讨论。 1．遗传多样性研究 AFLP指纹图谱显示研究的居群谱带有明显差异：腾冲和禄丰居群的带型为一种式样并显著区别于其它居群，推测禄丰栽培居群的种源可能来自腾冲。各居群之间差异明显，居群内部个体变异比较小，因此运用AFLP指纹图谱区分鉴定不同地理种源是具有潜力的。PopGene1.31和Arlequin3.1软件分析结果显示：各居群间维持了比较高的多态性水平（P=0.929，A=1.929，He=0.275）和极其显著的遗传分化水平（Fst=0.667）。Amova结果显示变异成分主要发生在各居群间，居群内部变异比较小，可能是地理隔离和气候条件导致了各居群间基因交流受限。其中，禄丰、腾冲和潞西的居群和其它居群差异比较显著。 2．紫杉醇含量研究 测定云南红豆杉的小枝叶（当年生）紫杉醇含量结果表明：天然林中潞西居群的紫杉醇平均含量达0.0185%，个别个体高达0.0554%；腾冲（部分三年生）和永德的紫杉醇平均含量比较低，分别为0.0049%和0.0087%；禄丰栽培居群紫杉醇含量比较高，平均为0.0225%，这也说明栽培居群中的紫杉醇含量并不低，结果也暗示着人工栽培改变云南红豆杉的生长发育条件后，其中一些有利于植物生长的因子（如营养因子）可能对次生代谢产物形成有一定作用。 结果也表明紫杉醇含量无论在居群内个体间还是各居群之间差异都很显著。其中，禄丰、腾冲和潞西居群的紫杉醇平均含量与大部分居群有极显著差异。另外，南华居群的紫杉醇平均含量比较高而且居群内部个体遗传变异较小，遗传稳定。 3．关系分析 在遗传变异方面，禄丰、腾冲、潞西居群和其它居群差异比较显著；在紫杉醇平均含量方面，禄丰、腾冲、潞西的居群和其它大部分居群差异极其显著，遗传因素和紫杉醇的含量在居群水平上有一定程度的反映，但在个体水平上明显无一一对应关系。以紫杉醇平均含量为0.01%为准，高含量组禄丰、潞西、南华、云龙为一组；低含量组维西、永德、腾冲为一组，结果发现单一组内并没有各自的特征谱带出现。高含量禄丰居群（0.0225%）和低含量腾冲居群（0.0049%）有着很高的遗传一致度（94.3%），如果禄丰的种源来自腾冲这种可能成立的话，那么说明人工栽培改变植物原有的生长条件后，增加了有利于植物生长的因子可能对紫杉醇形成有一定作用。 |
| 英文摘要 | In this paper, we studied Taxus wallichiana collected from Northwest, West, South and Centre of Yunnan province by means of molecular marker (AFLP) and HPLC. We were looking forward to finding the excellent germplasm resources among the seven populations: Weixi, Lufeng, Yongde, Yunlong, Tengchong and Nanhua. So we analyzed the genetic diversity and valuable chemical content such as taxol, and discussed their relationships. 1.The Study of Genetic Diversity Significant differences were revealed in the seven populations by AFLP fingerprinting: Tengchong population and Lufeng population had the same pattern and were quite different from others, we conferred that Lufeng population might root from Tengchong population. Obvious diversity between populations and small variation within population were detected. Thereby, it’s quite potential to identify the germplasm resources by the AFLP fingerprinting. PopGene1.31 and Arlequin3.1 analytical results showed a high polymorphic level (P=0.929，A=1.93，He=0.275) and extremely strong genetic differentiation(Fst=0.667). Amova results showed that genetic variation mainly happened aomong populations, which probably because of gene flow restriction resulted from the habitat barrier and climate. Especially, genetic variation in Lufeng, Tengchong and Luxi populations were quite distinguished from other populations. 2.The Study of Taxol Content The data obtained by testing taxol content of the one-year twigs showed that: in natural forest, taxol content averaged 0.0185% in Luxi population with the exceptional individual up to 0.0554%; the content levels were low in mountain Yongde and Tengchong populations, averaging 0.0049% and 0.0087%, respectively. Cultivated population in Lufeng reached the highest level, averaging 0.0225%, which confirmed the records that taxol content wasn’t lower than natural forest. The data also implicated advantage factors such as nutrition might have some effects on secondary metabolism if we changed conditions for plant growing. Taxol content was markedly different within and among populations. Average taxol content in Lufeng, Tengchong and Luxi populations were distinguished from most of the other populations. In addition, average taxol content was higher and genetic characteristics were stable in Nanhua population. 3.Relationships We found that Lufeng, Tengchong and Luxi population were distinguished from other populations in terms of genetic variation. At the same time, Lufeng, Tengchong and Luxi population were extremely distinguished from most of the other populations in terms of taxol content. There were probably some extent correlations between the genetic variation and taxol content at population level, but no corresponding relations at individual level were found. We divided all populations into two groups according to 0.01% taxol content, high content group including Lufeng, Luxi, Nanhua and Yunlong, and low content group including Weixi, Yongde and Tengchong. No character banding was found in each group. However, we found very high genetic identity in Lufeng (0.0225%) and Tengchong (0.0049%), we assumed that Lufeng rooted from Tengchong, we come to the conclusion if that was true: changing growth environment in cultivation on purpose might drop some effects on the formation of taxol due to the factors conducive to plant growth. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-10-25 |
| 页码 | 71 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/426]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 于晓芹. 云南红豆杉遗传多样性与紫杉醇含量关系的研究[D]. 昆明植物研究所. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 2009. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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