中国苦苣苔亚科（苦苣苔科）长蒴苣苔族的细胞分类学研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 周萍 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2003 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 导师 | 顾志建 |
| 关键词 | 染色体数目 浓缩行为 苦苣苔 间期核 分裂前期 |
| 其他题名 | A Cyto-taxonomical Study of Trib.Didymocarpeae of Subfam. Cyrtandroideae(Gesneriaceae) from China |
| 学位专业 | 植物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文分析了来自中国的苦苣苔科Gesneriaceae苦苣苔亚科Subfam．Cyltandroideae三个族18个属26种植物细胞分裂前期、间期和中期核形态特征。根据间期核的不同特征，我们将这18属植物分成四类：（1）简单染色中心型，包括蛛毛苣苔属Paraboea（Clark） Ridiey和长冠苣苔属RhabdothaMnoPsis Hemsl；（2）复杂染色中心型，包括马铃苣苔属oreocharis Benth，粗筒苣苔属Brzggsia Craib，筒花苣苔属Briggisopsis Benth，直瓣苞苔属Ancylostem洲craib，石蝴蝶属Petrocosmea Oliv；唇柱首苔属Chirita Buch．Ham．ex D．Don，紫花芭苔属Loxostlgma Clark，吊石苣苔属Lysionotlls D．Don，以及；（3）球状前染色体型，包括大苞苣苔属Anna Pollegr，长茹苣苔属Didymocarpus Wall．Rophiocarpus chun以及非洲荃属Saintpaulia H．Wendl；（4）密集散布型，包括短筒苣苔属Boeica Clarke，横蒴苣苔属Becarrinda Kuntze．珊瑚苣苔属Corallodiscus Batalin。从实验结果来看，复杂染色中心型是所有三个族中最为普遍的一种类型。另外，通过对实验结果的比较分析，我们还可以看出，长蒴苣苔族tribe Didymocarpeae从细胞学上看比其它族异质化程度（heterogeneous）要高得多，这与它们在形态学上的变异性是相吻合的。另外，由于尖舌首苔族tribe EPithemateae是一个单系类群，该族异叶首苔属Whytockia W．W. Smith的间期核虽然也是复杂染色中心型，不能说明它与其它该类型属关系接近。我们在这些苦苣苔亚科植物的前期核中观察到三种异染色质收缩类型，间断型，渐变型及近基型。除了筒花苣苔属Briggsiopsis Benth，和非洲荃属saintPmlliaH．Wendl是近基型，吊石苞苔属Lysionotus D．Don和异异叶苞苔属Whytokia W．W．Smith属于渐变型以外，其它所有我们观察的类群都属于间断型。我们还报道了苦苣苔亚科来自中国云南的11个属14个种的染色体数目，其中13个种是首次报道-川滇马铃苣苔Oreocharis henryana Oliv.，藓丛佛肚苣苔Briggsia muscicola（Diels）Craib，长叶粗筒苣苔B. longifolia Craib，丝毛石蝴蝶Petrocosmea sericea C．Y、Wu ex H．W．Li，软叶大苞苣苔Anna mollifolia（W．T．Wang）W，T，wang et K．Y. Pan，大苞苣苔Anna submontana Pellegr。紫花苣苔Loxostigma griffithii（Wight）C．B．Clarke的染色体数目都为2n=34，髯丝蛛毛苣苔Paraboea barbatiPes K．Y．Pan，长冠苣苔Rhabdothamnopsis sinensis Hemsl的染色体数目都为Zn＝36，牛耳朵ceburneaHance的染色体数目为Zn：36，RaphiocarPzls longipedunculata C.Ywu ex H．w．L的染色体数目为Zn；32，紫苞长茹苣苔Didymocarpus purpureobracteatus W．W．Smith，2n=28，多脉短筒苣苔Boeica multinervia K.Y．Pan，2n＝20。 |
| 英文摘要 | The morphological characteristcs of mitotic interphase, prophase and metaphase nuclei were analysed for 26 taxa of 18 genera from 3 different tribes of subfam. Cyrtandroideae (Gesneriaceae) from China. Interphase nuclei were classified into four categories: (1) simple chromocenter type, including Paraboea (Clark) Ridley and Rhabdothamnopsis Hemsl; (2) complex chromocenter type, comprising Ancylostemon Craib, Briggsia Craib, Briggsiopsis Benth, Chirita Buch. Ham. ex D. Don, Loxostigma Clark, Lysionotus D. Don, Oreocharis Benth, Petrocosmea Oliv; Raphiocarpus and and (3) round prochromosome type, represented by Anna Pellegr, Didymocarpus Wall, and Saintpaulia H.Wendl. (4)densely diffuse type, represented by Boeica Clarke, Becarrinda Kuntze., Corallodiscus Batalin. The complex chromocenter type seems to be most common among the three tribes. The data further indicate that tribe Didymocarpeae is cytologically much more heterogeneous than other tribes which is in accordance with the diversity in morphological characters. Whytokia W. W. Smith from tribe Epithemateae is excluded from complex chromochenter group for that the tribe is monophyletic. In subfam. Cyrtandroideae three types of chromosome condensation behaviours during mitotic prophases were observed, interstitial, gradient and proximal. Except for Ancylostemon Craib and Saintpaulia H.Wendl. exhibiting a proximal type, and Lysionotus D.Don and Whytockia W.W.Smith possessing a gradient type, all other taxa analysed to date exhibited the interstitial type. Our study also reports the chromosome numbers of 14 taxa in 11 genera of subfam. Crytandroideae from China; 13 of the counts are new - Oreocharis henryana Oliv., Briggsia muscicola (Diels) Craib,2n=34 B. longifolia Craib, Petrocosmea sericea C.Y.Wu ex H.W.Li, Anna mollifolia (W.T.Wang) W.T.Wang et K.Y.Pan, Anna submontana Pellegr., Loxostigma griffithii (Wight)C.B.Clarke are all have counts as 2n-34; Paraboea barbatipes K.Y.Pan, Rhabdothamnopsis sinensis Hemsl are both reported as 2n-36, C. eburnea Hance ,2n=36, Raphiocarpus longipedunculata C.Y.Wu ex H.W.L, 2n=32, Didymocarpus purpiireobracteatus W.W.Smith, 2n=28, Boeica multinervia K.Y. Pan, 2n=20. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-10-25 |
| 页码 | 41 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/650]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 周萍. 中国苦苣苔亚科（苦苣苔科）长蒴苣苔族的细胞分类学研究[D]. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 2003. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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