黄花杓兰与菌根真菌共生关系研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王瑞苓 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2004 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 |
| 导师 | 胡虹 |
| 关键词 | 黄花构兰 菌根真菌 共生关系 菌丝团 转化器 |
| 其他题名 | Notes on Symbiotic Relationship Between Cypripediumflavum and Its Mycorrhizal Fungi |
| 学位专业 | 植物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文对兰科植物菌根的研究历史，兰科菌根的形态特点、功能、生态学方面做了简单的综述，并介绍了国内天麻和构兰属植物菌根的研究进展；对黄花构兰的生境特点和根、芽的生长发育过程也做了调查研究。在此基础上，进行黄花构兰的菌根研究工作，包括菌根真菌的分离、培蒸鉴定和切片显微观察，探讨了黄花构兰与菌根真菌的共生关系。了 香格里拉的黄花构兰生长在高山环境下，生长季节很短（4月～10月）。对其根部进行真菌分离，得到23株真菌，但真菌的继代培养出现衰退现象，多株死亡，最后只有10株存活。由于大多数没有抱子且未见子实体，所以鉴定困难。只有菌株H-4在VS培养基上产生子囊和子囊抱子，经鉴定为金黄色毛壳菌。推测金黄色毛壳菌与菌床团丝核菌互为有性世代和无性世代。对黄花构兰植株的根进行了一个生长周期的采集和切片观察，发现黄花构兰具有相应的菌根结构，菌丝的存在状态在各物候期有所不同，可分为五个时期：（1）4月份联通菌丝时期；（2）5月份菌丝团时期I；（3）6、7月份无菌丝团时期工；（4）8、9月份菌丝团时期11；（5）10月份无菌丝团时期11。可以看出，在植株生长期，根细胞内出现菌丝团；在植株完成正常的生命过程中，真菌营养是光合营养的补充；真菌菌丝团也作为植物营养的转化器，菌丝团消解释放营养供给植株。在此基础上探讨了菌根真菌与黄花构兰的共生关系的一个方面：植株通过联通菌丝沟通各个细胞的物质交换，菌根真菌利用植株体内物质完成生命活动，菌丝团消解，使真菌所储藏的营养物转化，为植株所利用。 |
| 英文摘要 | In this paper, the following research on orchid mycorrhiza are reviewed: history, morphological characters and, its function both to orchid and fungi, ecology specialties. Reserches on Gastrodia elata Bl. in China and on Cypripediumflavum in this field have been summarized. The trait of the habitat of C. flavum has been observed, both with the devolpment of its buds and roots. Then, the work has been carried out by mycorrhizal fungi cultivation -, identification , and observation the microstructure of mycorrhiza of C. flavum. So the author got the inference of symbiotic relationship between C. flavum and mycorrhizal Fungi. The C. flavum population studied in this paper occurs in alpine areas of shanggerila county, its growing season is very short (from April to October ). The author got 23 strains, but most can not been well pureculture and subculture. The strains can't been easily identified because most can't produce spores or sporocarp except H-4. We identified H-4 as Chaetomium aureum Chivers from its ascus and ascospores. Bubils of the genus Papulaspora (anamorph) are seem as produced by apothecial fungus as Chaetomium (teleomorph). The roots of C. flavum had been sampled each month during growing season and carried out to observe endomycorrhizal formation and variation. The result shows that C. flavum often associated with orchid mycorrhizal fungi, which developmental varieties occur in different phenology phases. The following five periods can be divided: (1) community hyphae phase in April; (2) hyphal coils phase I appears in May; (3) non- hyphal coils phase I in June to July; (4) hyphal coils phase II appears in August and September; (5) non-hyphal coils phase II occurs in October. It can be perceived from above that hyphal coils had arisen in root-cells when plant life transits and mycotrophy is a necessary supplement of phototrophy. Concerning the C. flavum and its hyphal coils may be seem as the transformer of nutrient stored in rootstock and /or produced by photosynthesis. The nutrient is transformed by fungi and transported to plant when hyphal coils have been diggested. The author glad to explain partly the relationship between C. flavum and mycorrhizal fungi at this state: mycorrhizal fungi utilise the nutrient in plant cells to accomplish their life cycle; commnunity hyphae bring about a transmition of nutrients among root-cells, plant utilize the mrtrient from diggested hyphal coils. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-10-25 |
| 页码 | 56 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.kib.ac.cn/handle/151853/740]  |
| 专题 | 昆明植物研究所_昆明植物所硕博研究生毕业学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王瑞苓. 黄花杓兰与菌根真菌共生关系研究[D]. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 中国科学院昆明植物研究所. 2004. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：昆明植物研究所
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