新疆乌尔禾区土壤景观格局及土地适宜性评价
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 闫培锋 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 导师 | 周华荣，新疆生态与地理研究所 |
| 关键词 | 新疆乌尔禾区 |
| 其他题名 | Soil landscape patterns and land suitability assessment of Wuerhe, Xinjiang |
| 中文摘要 | 克拉玛依市乌尔禾区位于新疆克拉玛依市东北部 90km处，区辖乌尔禾、百口泉2镇1乡10个自然村。区境土壤以灰棕漠土、石膏灰棕漠土等为主，占全区总面积的57%。主要居住区集中在小块绿洲，每平方千米达400多人。大部分地区位于白杨河-艾里克湖湿地范围。本文通过对乌尔禾区土壤空间分布情况的研究，揭示了该区域土壤景观格局的特征。该研究区域的土壤景观均匀度不高，SHEI=0.5544；多样性指数为SHDI=1.463，在一定程度上也反映了研究区域的土壤景观破碎化。研究区域土壤理化性状包括土壤水分含量、盐分和养分等的空间分布不均衡，并且研究区域的土壤养分，盐分和水分的空间变化以及相互之间的关系表明了干旱区土壤的特点。文章分析了白杨河-艾里克湖湿地土壤理化性质，结果表明：大范围分布的土壤主要由细砂和粉砂组成，少数由粗砂粒组成；土壤水分的空间分布特征反映了白杨河河谷沿线局部干旱的现象；在艾里克湖周边发育着盐土和盐渍化土，对植物生长发育有明显的胁迫作用；土壤有机质、全Ｎ和全Ｐ总体贫乏，全Ｋ含量较高，并且有机质和水分的相关性较好，不同植被下土壤有机质含量和含水量的相关系数也不尽相同，但总体反映出干旱区湿地水在土壤有机质分解中的关键作用。对乌尔禾区土地进行适宜性评价结果表明：一等宜农土地只占乌尔禾区耕地面积的38.1%；一等宜林土地占该区林地面积的25.2%；一等宜草土地占该区域草地面积的31.8%。全区85.80%的土地为荒漠地、盐碱地等未利用土地。说明乌尔禾区土地利用面积较小，存在着一定的开发利用价值，但是考虑到对艾里克湖湿地的保护，应严格控制耕地面积的盲目发展，注重合理规划和调整作物结构。Wuerhe region lies in 90 km northeast of Karamay city, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. It contains two towns, one rural and ten villages. The main soils of this area are Gray brown desert soil and Gypsum gray brown desert soil. The region accounted for 57 percent of the total area. Major residential areas concentrated in small oasis, 1,000 per square foot more than 400 people. This paper based on spatial distribution research of soil of Wuerhe region, revealed the characteristics of the soil landscape pattern. In research field, landscape uniformity of the soil is not high, SHEI=0.5544; Diversity index, SHDI=1.463. The indices, in some extent, reflect the regional landscape fragmentation of the soil. The study area of soil physical and chemical properties, including soil moisture content, such as nutrient salt and the uneven spatial distribution, those factors spatial change and the relationship between them which all indicated the characteristics of the soil in arid zone. By analyzing the spatial distribution of soil Physical-Chemical Properties of the wetlands in Baiyang River and Alice Lake, the results shows that the soil textures of most samples are sand or silt, and few samples are coarse sand soils. The special distributions of the soil moistures showed partial drought of the wetlands along the valley of Baiyang River. The solonchak and salinized soils around the Eric Lake represent a significant stress to the plant growth and development. the results showed that the organic matter, total N and P are generally poor，however, total K is at a high level, and the correlation between the organic matter and the soil moistures is fine. Althought the coefficiency between different vegetation soil organic matter and the soil moisture are not the same, water plays an importment role in soil organic matter decomposition in the wetlands is undoubted. The land suitability evaluation results of Wuerhe showed that: first-class only to agricultural land of cultivated land area occupy 38.1%; first-class land which is suitable for planting trees occupy total forest land area of 35%; first-class grass land accounts for total grassland area of 31.8%. In this area , 85.80 % region are desert soil, saline-alkali soil. So development and utilization of land here is limited. On the other hand, taking the Eric Lake wetland protection into account, it should strictly control the exploitaition in the area, pay attention to programming and focus on reasonable adjustments crop structure. Key word：Xinjiang wuerhe region, Soil landscape patterns, soil properties, land suitability assessment |
| 学科主题 | 自然地理学,农学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-12 |
| 页码 | 共78页 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8078]  |
| 专题 | 新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 闫培锋. 新疆乌尔禾区土壤景观格局及土地适宜性评价[D]. 中国科学院．新疆生态与地理研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：新疆生态与地理研究所
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