柽柳科Tamaricaceae的系统学研究—秀丽水柏枝Myricaria elegans Royle的系统学位置
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 张道远 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 1999 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院．中科院新疆生态与地理研究所．植物学． |
| 导师 | 潘伯荣，中科院新疆生态与地理研究所 尹林克，中科院新疆生态与地理研究所 ， |
| 关键词 | 柽柳科 |
| 中文摘要 | 本研究测定了中国柽柳科3属10种代表植物核糖体DNA中的内转录间隔区（ITS）序列和5.8rRNA基因的3'端序列，着重研究了以下两个问题：1. 柽柳科不同类群间的系统学关系 对中国柽柳科3属10种代表植物的ITS序列进行了比较研究，结果表明，柽柳科内ITS-1的序更长度为249～269，ITS-2的序列长度为224～253，柽柳科属内不同类群的ITS片段长度无差异。排序后的序列（包括gap）在内有199个变异位点，占总位点的38%，其中156个为有信息位点，占总位点的30%。以Reaumuria songarica为外类群，运用PAUP软件分析得到单个最简约树，总步长为395步，一致性指数CI=0.916，保持性指数RI=0.886。柽柳属的6个类群聚为一类具100%的强支持率，其中，Tamarix elongata和T. gracilis, T. karelinii和T. hispida两两结合在一起，并分别得到56%和83%的bootstrap支持。前者先和T. arceuthoides结合，而后再也T. karelinii - T. hispida分支结合。柽柳属6个类群间的系统学关系与形态学及孢粉学证据相吻合。水柏枝属的Myricaria laxiflora与Myricaria bracteata也具强的支持率（100%）而聚在一起。两大分支之间通过Myricaria elengans联系。2. 秀丽水柏枝的系统位置 秀丽水柏枝Myricaria elegans与柽柳属的关系比与水柏枝属的关系要近，它与柽柳属各种形成的分支得到87%的bootstrap支持。M. elegens的ITSI（236）和ITS2（247）的长度，序列GC含量上均兼具Tamarix与Myricaria两属的特征，在绝大多数的有信息位点上，水柏枝属内和柽柳科内几乎均无差异，而秀丽水析枝有78个位点碱基表现与柽柳属的相同，占信息位点总数据的50%，有55个位点碱其表现与水柏枝属相同，占信息位点的35.5%，更有15个位点的碱基表现为加性效应，既具有柽柳属的碱基，又具有水柏枝属的碱基，占信息位点的9.6%，表明M. elegens是源于Tamarix和Myricaria两个属的杂交后代。结合形态学、孢粉学证据，论证了M. elegans的杂种起源。本文还就ITS片段在柽柳科系统学研究中的价值进行了讨论，指出ITS片段在柽柳科系统学研究中具有广阔的应用前景。此外，笔者就系统学研究的内处切入点提出了自己的观点与意见，认为柽柳科系统学研究，需从以下三方面着手：1. 柽柳科系统树的构建；2. 柽柳科起源与演化的研究；3. 柽柳科在整个被子植物系统中的地位。In the present paper, the Internal Transcribed Spacer(ITS) and partial 5.8rRNAgene (3'end) of nuclear ribosomal DNA was sequenced for 10 representative species of three genera in the Tamaricaceae. The result indicates that there exist high sequence alignability and length conservation among ITS sequences within and between the genera. The sequence of ITS-1 in Tamaricaceae range in size from 249 to 269 bp and from 224 to 253 bp in ITS-2. Among 608 aligned sites of ITS and partial 5.8S rDNA sequences, 199 are variable sites, among which, 156 are informative. On most of the informative sites, the states in the species within Myricaria(excluding M elegans) and within Tamarix are almost the same. For M. elegans, 78 of the informative sites are the same as those in Tamarix, and 55 as in Myricaria, and there are 15 sites showing additivity of nucleotide states at each site where Myricaria, and there are 15 sites showing additivity of nucleotide states at each site where Myricaria and Tamarix differ. Additionally, The ITS-1 (163bp) and ITS-2 (247bp) of M. elegans change between Tamarix and Myricaria in size and G + C content, representing the characteristics of hybrid between the two genera. PAUP analysis was conducted using Reaumuria songarica as an outgroup and only one most parisimorous fitch tree was generated with the method of Branch and Bound search. Of which, The boot length is 495, CI = 0.916 and RI = 0.886. In the tree, 6 species of Tamarix belong to a strongly supported clade with a bootstrap value of 100%; Another clade comprising two Myricaria species, M. laxiflora and M. bracteata, was also well supported by the bootstrap analysis. M. elegans is situated at a transitional position from Tamarix to Myricaria, and closer to Tamarix. The ITS sequence analysis is generally congruent with morphological and palynological evidence to justify that M. elegans is a hybrid between Tamarix and Myricaria, and has retained more characters of Tamarix. We also discussed the evaluation of ITS on the systematics research of Tamaricaceae, and predict that there will be a wildly use. In order to make clear of Tamaricaceae systematics, we should delve on such three questions: 1. The phylogenetic tree of Tamaricaceae; 2. the origin and evolution of tramaricaceae; 3. The status in angiosperm kindom. |
| 学科主题 | 植物生态学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-12 |
| 页码 | 共56页 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.xjlas.org/handle/365004/8250]  |
| 专题 | 新疆生态与地理研究所_中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所(2010年以前数据) |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张道远 . 柽柳科Tamaricaceae的系统学研究—秀丽水柏枝Myricaria elegans Royle的系统学位置[D]. 中国科学院．中科院新疆生态与地理研究所．植物学．. 1999. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：新疆生态与地理研究所
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