香鼬行为生态研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 魏万红 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 1991-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 |
| 导师 | 樊乃昌 |
| 关键词 | 香鼬 行为 栖息地选择 巢区 取食行为 活动 防御行为 繁殖行为 |
| 学位专业 | 动物学 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文应用直接观察和无线电遥测方法对栖息在自然环境中香鼬（Mountain weasel，Mustela altaica）的时空分布格局、防御行为、取食行为以及某些繁殖行为进行了较为系统的研究。香鼬喜栖于人类居住区附近的高寒草甸草场，它的数量分布与高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）的分布密度成正相关性；无论雌雄个体均无长期稳定的巢穴。香鼬的每日活动主要为取食、玩耍、自身的清洁和光浴，在繁殖期还有育幼及对幼鼬的保护，其中取食时间占全天活动时间的80.4%。在不同时期香鼬日活动高峰和巢区大小均有不同。幼鼬出洞活动前，其亲体雌性成鼬活动呈现两个明显的高峰，11:00-13:00和16:00-17:00，雄性成鼬则只有一个活动高峰在11:00左右；雌性成鼬的巢区面积平均为7.21公顷，雄性成鼬的巢区面积平均为11.7公顷。幼鼬出洞活动后，雌性成鼬的活动高峰为8:00-9:00和17:00-19:00，巢区面积平均为82.72公顷。幼鼬扩散期间，雌性成鼬的活动高峰期分别为8:00-9:00和15:00-20:00。香鼬的防御行为包括探视与警戒、气味标记与防御反应、逃避和攻击；取食行为包括洞口探视、寻找猎物、捕获猎物、拖动食物、贮存食物和进食；在繁殖期育幼任务全部由雌性成鼬承担，其主要行为包括亲体雌性成鼬对幼体的喂养、亲体雌性成鼬对幼体的保护及亲体雌性成鼬对幼体的搬迁。幼鼬从7月初开始地面活动，8月初开始从成鼬巢区内扩散出去，开始独立生活。 |
| 英文摘要 | Field observation and radio-tracking were carried out on the mountain weasels (Mustela altaica) in their natural habitats from the middle of April to the ending of October, 1990 at Yuer Mountain near Haibei Alpine Meadow Ecosystem Station. Their active behaviours were majorly described and discused. The mountain weasels preferred the habitats of human lived, mostly acted in the alpine meadow. Their distribution was positively correlate with the pika's density distribution. The active behaviours of mountain weasels mainly include: feeding, playing, self-cleaning, sun-bathing and, in the reproductive period, caring of young. The feeding time of mountain weasels was 80.4 percent of all active time for a day. The daily active peaks were 11:30-13:00 a.m. and 16:00-17:00 p.m. for females and, 11:00 a.m. for males. The home range sizes were 7.21 ha for females, before their litters can be out of the dens, and 11.7ha formales. The peak of females was 8:00-9:00 a.m. and 17:00-19:00 p.m., the home range size of females was 82.72 ha after the litters can come out the dens. The peaks changed into 8:00-9:00 a.m. and 15:00-20:00 p.m. when the litters dispersed. The defending behaviours were exploration-and-alertness, scent marking-and-protection, escaping and attacking. Their feeding behaviours were composed of exploration, searching, capturing, carrying, hoarding food and ingestion. The works of caring of young were coped with only by the female animals, and they mainly constitute: nursing, protecting and moving litters. The litters appeared on the ground at the beginning of July, and dispersed at the beginning of August. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2011-12-20 |
| 页码 | 41 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.nwipb.ac.cn/handle/363003/3304]  |
| 专题 | 西北高原生物研究所_中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 魏万红. 香鼬行为生态研究[D]. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所. 1991. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：西北高原生物研究所
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