岷江上游干旱河谷区本地种油松和外来种辐射松造林对土壤养分的影响
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 周星梅 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-05-01 |
| 导师 | 潘开文 ; 王彦杰 |
| 关键词 | 岷江上游 干旱河谷 灌丛 辐射松 油松 造林 土壤养分 土壤酶 the upper reaches of Minjiang River dry valley area shrub Pinus radiata Pinus tabulaeformis afforestation soil nutrient soil enzyme |
| 其他题名 | Effects of Native Pinus tabulaeformis and Exotic Pinus radiata Afforestation on Soil Nutrient in Dry Valley Area of the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River |
| 中文摘要 | 造林作为土地利用方式一种，在森林恢复中已经很常见。森林类型的变化会导致土壤中碳、氮和磷的储量改变。然而，这些土壤养分含量会直接影响植物的生长，是土壤肥力的重要指标。因此，本研究以岷江上游干旱河谷区的茂县小沟地区为试验地，选择种植年限与区域相同的辐射松和油松林地为研究对象，以天然次生灌丛为对照，通过对这三种林下不同层次土壤的养分状况研究，比较辐射松和油松对当地土壤养分的改善状况，旨在为岷江流域干旱河谷区植被恢复树种的选择以及退耕还林工作提供理论依据。主要结论如下： 1. 研究了岷江上游干旱河谷区本地种油松和外来种辐射松造林对土壤碳素的影响。结果表明，不同造林树种对土壤碳素转化有一定影响。油松下土壤中活性有机碳组分水溶性碳（DOC）、易氧化碳（ROC）、微生物碳（SMBC）和轻组有机碳（LFOC）的含量以及过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶的活力均明显高于灌丛和辐射松；而辐射松下所测定的这些指标中只有其中一些是显著高于灌丛，而有些与灌丛没有差异，甚至低于灌丛，这表明油松对当地土壤碳素状况有更好的改善。因此，就土壤碳素水平及相关酶活力而言，乡土树种油松对土壤肥力恢复较好，比外来树种辐射松更适于作为当地的造林树种。 2. 研究了岷江上游干旱河谷区本地种油松和外来种辐射松造林对土壤氮素的影响。结果表明，不同造林树种对土壤氮素转化有一定影响。油松下土壤无机氮库最大，表层脲酶活性最高；辐射松下土壤无机氮库最小，表层土壤脲酶活性最低；灌丛表层土壤无机氮含量和脲酶活性较低，这表明油松对当地土壤氮素状况有较好的改善。因此，就土壤氮素水平及相关酶活力而言，乡土树种油松对土壤肥力恢复较好，也比外来树种辐射松更适于作为当地的造林树种。 3. 研究了岷江上游干旱河谷区本地种油松和外来种辐射松造林对土壤磷素的影响。结果表明，不同造林树种对土壤磷素转化有一定影响。辐射松与油松下土壤各种磷素含量大多数高于灌丛，这表明辐射松和油松这两种人工林均对当地土壤磷素状况有较好的改善。此外，油松表层土壤中Ca-P及有效磷和有机磷含量均高于或显著高于辐射松；且其深层土壤中磷酸酶活力显著高于辐射松，这说明油松土壤中有较多的有机磷可以转化为可被植物吸收利用的有效磷。因此，就土壤磷素水平及相关酶活力而言，乡土树种油松仍比外来树种辐射松更适于作为当地的造林树种。 Afforestation as a land-use pattern in forest restoration has been very common. Types of forests would lead to changes in the reserves of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in soil. However, changes in the contents of these soil nutrients, which are important indexes of soil fertility, would directly affect the growth of plants. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the nutrients in different soil layers under natural secondary shrub, native Pinus tabulaeformis and exotic Pinus radiata at Maoxian area in the arid valley of upper reaches of Minjiang River, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the tree-specie choice of revegetation as well as returning farmland to forestry in the region. The results were as follows: 1. Effects of native Pinus tabulaeformis and exotic Pinus radiata afforestation on soil carbon in dry valley area of the upper reaches of Minjiang River were investigated. The results showed that the differences in afforestation tree species influenced the conversion of soil carbon. The contents in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), readily oxidation carbon (ROC), soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) and light fraction organic carbon (LFOC) as well as activities of catalase and invertase under Pinus tabulaeformis were significantly higher than those under shrub and Pinus radiata, however, only some under Pinus radiata were significantly higher than those under shrub, and others were not different from or even lower than those under shrub. This indicated that Pinus tabulaeformis could better improve the conditions of local soil carbon. Thus, in terms of soil carbon levels and related enzyme activities, the native Pinus tabulaeformis better restored soil fertility and were more suitable for local afforestation than exotic Pinus radiata. 2. Effects of native Pinus tabulaeformis and exotic Pinus radiata afforestation on soil nitrogen in dry valley area of the upper reaches of Minjiang River were investigated. The results showed that the differences in afforestation tree species influenced the conversion of soil nitrogen. The content of soil inorganic nitrogen and urease activity under Pinus tabulaeformis were the highest, and the contrary trend was observed under Pinus radiata. This indicated that Pinus tabulaeformis could better improved the conditions of local soil nitrogen. Hence, in terms of soil nitrogen levels and related enzyme activities, the native Pinus tabulaeformis better restored soil fertility and were more suitable for local afforestation than exotic Pinus radiata. 3. Effects of native Pinus tabulaeformis and exotic Pinus radiata afforestation on soil phosphorus in dry valley area of the upper reaches of Minjiang River were investigated. The results showed that the differences in afforestation tree species influenced the conversion of soil phosphorus. The contents of most phosphorus under Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus radiata were higher than those under shrub, as indicated that Pinus tabulaeformis and Pinus radiata could better improved the conditions of local soil phosphorus. Moreover, The contents of Ca-P, available phosphorus and total organic phosphorus in the topsoil under Pinus tabulaeformis were higher or significantly higher than those under Pinus radiata, and phosphatase activity in its deep soil was significantly higher than that under Pinus radiata, which indicated that more organic phosphorus in the soil under Pinus tabulaeformis could be transformed into the available phosphorus that could be absorbed and utilized by plants. Therefore, in terms of soil phosphorus levels and related enzyme activities, the native Pinus tabulaeformis better restored soil fertility and were more suitable for local afforestation than exotic Pinus radiata. |
| 学科主题 | 生态学 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2010-11-24 |
| 页码 | 63 |
| 源URL | [http://210.75.237.14/handle/351003/236]  |
| 专题 | 成都生物研究所_生态研究 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 周星梅. 岷江上游干旱河谷区本地种油松和外来种辐射松造林对土壤养分的影响[D]. 2009. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：成都生物研究所
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