湖北四湖流域生态环境需水量研究——以洪湖为例
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘韬 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 武汉 |
| 导师 | 杜耘 |
| 关键词 | 生态环境需水 四湖流域 洪湖湿地 生态环境 |
| 学位专业 | 自然地理学 |
| 中文摘要 | 随着我国经济的迅速发展，我国的水资源形势日趋严峻。生态环境需水研究则是连接生态过程与水文过程、刻画生态演化与水资源相互关系的核心问题。随着三峡工程、长江上游梯级水库群、南水北调等大型水利工程的实施，长江流域水生态系统的健康对流域水资源乃至全国水资源的可持续利用有着极其重要的意义。洪湖是四湖流域最大的湖泊湿地保护区，位于四湖流域下游，是四湖流域内的主要调蓄型湖泊，也是长江中游的主要分蓄洪区之一，具有调蓄、灌溉、生物多样性保护、养殖、航运、旅游、给水等多项功能。本文针对洪湖地区的气候、生态环境、生物群落和水文特征，对洪湖湿地的生态环境需水量进行了估算，并对本地区生态环境需水量的研究方法做了一些探讨。研究结果表明：11月~3月份，洪湖的最小生态环境需水量为2.6172×108m3，适宜生态环境需水量为4.6394~6.7676×108m3，最大生态环境需水量为8.2231×108m3，1996~2001年间洪湖该期间的平均水量低于最小生态环境需水量，对洪湖生态系统的健康不利，应适当提高洪湖冬季的水位。4月~10月份，洪湖的最小生态环境需水量为6.4074×108m3，适宜生态环境需水量为8.2231~9.3269×108m3，最大需水量为13.4394×108m3，1996~2001年间该时段洪湖的水量基本满足生态环境适宜需水量的要求。由于研究区域的气候和降水季节性差异较大，所以不同季节洪湖生态系统的结构和组成存在较大差异，在研究中应分别进行分析和计算。在夏秋季生态环境需水量计算时还应考虑汛期防洪的需要 |
| 英文摘要 | With the rapid economic development in China, water shortage and water quality deterioration have become serious problems for ecological systems. Ecological and environmental water requirement generally refers to the Water resources demand in terms of water quantity and quality to maintain a specific and rational ecological and Environmental protection goal. Ecological and environmental water requirement study is one of critical step to evaluate the linkages of hydrologic processes and ecological processes and between ecological development and water resources. With the construction of large-scale water conservancies, such as the Three Gorges Project, step cascading reservoirs in the upper reaches of Yangtze River, and the South-to-North Water Transfers Project, Healthy surface water ecosystems are of great significance to the sustainable utilization of water resources of the Yangtze River basin and in the whole county as well. The Honghu Lake is the main storage lake in Sihu Region, Hubei Province, and also one of the major flood diversion area in the middle reaches of Yangtze River. Other functions of the lake include irrigation, biodiversity conservation, fish farming, tourism, and water supply, etc. For the climate, environment, community and hydrology characteristics, this paper evaluates ecological and environmental water requirement in the Honghu Lake, and discusses the methods which are appropriate to be use in the study of lake ecological and environmental water requirement in this region. The conclusion shows: from November to March, the minimum eco-environmental water demand for the Honghu Lake is 2.6172×108m3, the perfect eco-environmental water demand for the Honghu Lake is 4.6394~6.7676×108m3, the maximum eco-environmental water demand for the Honghu Lake is 8.2231×108m3, As the survey data shows, from 1996 to 2001 the average water level of the Honghu Lake in this period (November to March) was lower than the minimum eco-environmental water demand level, it’s harmful to the ecosystem health in the Honghu Lake. From April to October, the minimum eco-environmental water demand for the Honghu Lake is 6.4074×108m3, the perfect eco-environmental water demand for the Honghu Lake is 8.2231~9.3269×108m3, the maximum eco-environmental water demand for the Honghu Lake is13.4394×108m3. 1996 to 2001 the average water level of the Honghu Lake in this period (from April to October) was at the perfect eco-environmental water demand level. Because of the variation of the climate and precipitation in the Honghu Lake, the structure and elements of the ecosystem are different in seasons. So we should distinguish them and study them apart. In the evaluation of eco-environmental water demand in summer and autumn, water level limit in flood season should be considered. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-01-17 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.whigg.ac.cn//handle/342008/3692]  |
| 专题 | 测量与地球物理研究所_学生论文_学位论文 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘韬. 湖北四湖流域生态环境需水量研究——以洪湖为例[D]. 武汉. 中国科学院测量与地球物理研究所. 2007. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：测量与地球物理研究所
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