Chemiluminescence resonance energy transfer (CRET), which involves nonradiative energy transfer from a chemiluminescent donor to a suitable acceptor molecule, has drawn considerable attention in diverse fields without the use of an external light source. This review thoroughly summarizes the latest progress (from 2014 to now) of CRET based on nanomaterial in many aspects including small molecule detection, macromolecule analysis, immunoassay, biological imaging, and photodynamic therapy. We emphasize on the design strategies of CRET based on nanomaterial. In addition, the future outlook and challenges CRET based on nanomaterial are also discussed. We anticipate that this review may be a guidance for the further development of CRET based on nanomaterial in the field of life-science.