A novel flower-like MoS2/CdIn2S4 composite was designed and synthesized via a simple in-situ hydrothermal method, for the first time. Under visible light irradiation, the 10% MoS2/CdIn2S4 hybrid exhibited the strongest photocatalytic activities for both degradation of dye (Rhodamine B) and hydrogen generation. The RhB (10 mg L-1) can be almost degraded in 30 min, and the degradation rate constant (k) of 10% MoS2/CdIn2S4 can up to 0.13595 min(-1), which is about 2.6 and 73.1 times to CdIn2S4 (0.05311 min(-1)) and MoS2 (0.00186 min(-1)). Under simulated sunlight irradiation, the hydrogen evolution rate of 10% MS/CIS can reach to 1868.19 mu mol center dot g(-1)center dot h(-1), which is 2.26 and 6.2 times higher than that of the pure CdIn2S4 (827.09 mu mol center dot g(-1)center dot h(-1)) and MoS2 (303.1 mu mol center dot g(-1)center dot h(-1)), respectively. Additionally, the 10% MS/CIS exhibits a superior stability in the recycling experiment. The enhanced photocatalytic performance can be attributed to that the in-situ loading of MoS2 on the CdIn2S4 can provide the larger surface area, strengthen the visible-light response range and accelerate the charge separation. A conceivable S-scheme charge transfer mechanism was proposed to reveal the photocatalytic reaction process in this system.