(1) 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所

In order to study the effect of oil spill pollutions on the accumulation and migration of heavy metals in vegetative organs of Phragmites australis, the samples of soil at 0-10 cm depth and roots, stems and leaves of Phragmites australis were collected from the area of new and old oil wells and non-oil wells in Shengli Oilfield of the Yellow River Delta on July 22-28, 2018. The contents of heavy metals (Pb, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) in vegetative organs of Phragmites australis and the contents of total petroleum hydrocarbons and 5 kinds of heavy metals in surface soil were measured. The results showed that the effect of petroleum hydrocarbons on the enrichment of Pb, Mn, Co and Ni in vegetative organs of Phragmites australis was mainly due to the influence of the roots in areas of new and old oil wells. In area of new oil wells, when total petroleum hydrocarbons content in surface soil was 214 mug/g, contents of Co, Mn and Pb were the highest, which were 3.14 mg/kg, 206.59 mg/kg and 9.10 mg/kg. When total petroleum hydrocarbons content in surface soil was 283 mug/g, content of Ni was the highest, which was 27.16 mg/kg. In area of old oil wells, when total petroleum hydrocarbons content in surface soil was 262 mug/g, contents of Co, Mn, Ni and Pb were the highest, which were 3.28 mg/kg, 166.74 mg/kg, 18.60 mg/kg and 4.27 mg/kg. When contents of total petroleum hydrocarbons were 283-385 mug/g, the inhibitory effect turns to a promoting effect on Pb, Co and Mn in vegetative organs of Phragmites australis. When contents of total petroleum hydrocarbons were less than 283 mug/g, the effect of oil spill pollutants could be neglected in area of new oil wells. Under the similar contents of total petroleum hydrocarbons, removal efficiency of 5 kinds of heavy metals by vegetative organs of Phragmites australis in new oil wells were better than those in area of old oil wells.