(1) 中国科学院海岸带环境过程与生态修复重点实验室 山东省海岸带环境过程重点实验室 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所

It is important to build appropriate places of refuge for ships to reduce the potential harm of oil spills and other accidents. In this study, 25 harbors and 55 anchorages in the Bohai Sea were preselected as the potential places of refuge for ships, and three potential accident scenarios were assumed: fire and explosion, pollutant leakage, and the risk of sinking. Firstly, the main factors featured in the evaluation of these three scenarios were formulated; secondly, the risk factors for every site were allocated a score from 1 to 100 respectively, according to their value relative to normalization; thirdly, the scores derived from these factors involved in the three scenarios were superimposed, using the same weighting respectively; finally, the results of the 80 sites were obtained and ordered, and a strategy map was drawn. The results showed that the Zhuanghe Port and the Pikou Port are the preferred places of refuge for ships with a higher risk of fire and explosion, and that anchorage 49 and anchorage 50 should be excluded. Should a potential for leakage be present, the Pikou Port and anchorage 12 are the most appropriate refuge stations, whereas the Weifang Port and anchorage 50 are inappropriate. The Weihai Port and the Chaoyang Port are preferred refuge places for ships with a higher risk of sinking, and the Dalian Port and the Lushun Port should be avoided.