Gravitational wave driven mergers and coalescence time of supermassive black holes
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Khan, Fazeel Mahmood1; Berczik, Peter2,3,4; Just, Andreas |
| 刊名 | ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS
 |
| 出版日期 | 2018-07-17 |
| 卷号 | 615页码:9 |
| 关键词 | galaxies: interactions galaxies: nuclei quasars: supermassive black holes gravitational waves |
| ISSN号 | 1432-0746 |
| DOI | 10.1051/0004-6361/201730489 |
| 英文摘要 | Aims. The evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) initially embedded in the centres of merging galaxies realised with a stellar mass function (SMF) is studied from the onset of galaxy mergers until coalescence. Coalescence times of SMBH binaries are of great importance for black hole evolution and gravitational wave detection studies. Methods. We performed direct N-body simulations using the highly efficient and massively parallel phi-GRAPE+GPU code capable of running on high-performance computer clusters supported by graphic processing units (GPUs). Post-Newtonian terms up to order 3.5 are used to drive the SMBH binary evolution in the relativistic regime. We performed a large set of simulations with three different slopes of the central stellar cusp and different random seeds. The impact of a SMF on the hardening rate and the coalescence time is investigated. Results. We find that SMBH binaries coalesce well within one billion years when our models are scaled to galaxies with a steep cusp at low redshift. Here higher central densities provide a larger supply of stars to efficiently extract energy from the SMBH binary orbit and shrink it to the phase where gravitational wave (GW) emission becomes dominant, leading to the coalescence of the SMBHs. Mergers of models with shallow cusps that are representative of giant elliptical galaxies having central cores result in less efficient extraction of the binary's orbital energy, due to the lower stellar densities in the centre. However, high values of eccentricity witnessed for SMBH binaries in such galaxy mergers ensure that the GW emission dominated phase sets in earlier at larger values of the semi-major axis. This helps to compensate for the less efficient energy extraction during the phase dominated by stellar encounters resulting in mergers of SMBHs in about 1 Gyr after the formation of the binary. Additionally, we witness mass segregation in the merger remnant resulting in enhanced SMBH binary hardening rates. We show that at least the final phase of the merger in cuspy low-mass galaxies would be observable with the GW detector eLISA. |
| WOS关键词 | STELLAR ENVIRONMENTS ; DYNAMICAL FRICTION ; BINARIES ; EVOLUTION ; GALAXIES ; SIMULATIONS ; DISCOVERY ; PULSAR ; FIELD ; I. |
| 资助项目 | Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU[4159] ; NAOC/CAS ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) |
| WOS研究方向 | Astronomy & Astrophysics |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000439002800003 |
| 出版者 | EDP SCIENCES S A |
| 资助机构 | Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; NAOC/CAS ; NAOC/CAS ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; NAOC/CAS ; NAOC/CAS ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; NAOC/CAS ; NAOC/CAS ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Excellenzinitiative II "Mobilitatsmassnahmen im Rahmen internationaler Forschungskooperationen of Heidelberg University ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; Higher Education Commission of Pakistan through NRPU ; NAOC/CAS ; NAOC/CAS ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) ; "Qianren" special foreign experts program of China (Silk Road Project) |
| 源URL | [http://ir.bao.ac.cn/handle/114a11/21008]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院国家天文台 |
| 通讯作者 | Khan, Fazeel Mahmood |
| 作者单位 | 1.Inst Space Technol, Dept Space Sci, POB 2750, Islamabad, Pakistan 2.Natl Acad Sci Ukraine, Main Astron Observ, 27 Akad Zabolotnoho St, UA-03680 Kiev, Ukraine 3.Chinese Acad Sci, NAOC, Natl Astron Observ, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Acad Sci, NAOC, Key Lab Computat Astrophys, 20A Datun Rd, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China 5.Heidelberg Univ, Zentrum Astron, Astron Rechen Inst, Monchhofstr 12-14, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Khan, Fazeel Mahmood,Berczik, Peter,Just, Andreas. Gravitational wave driven mergers and coalescence time of supermassive black holes[J]. ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS,2018,615:9. |
| APA | Khan, Fazeel Mahmood,Berczik, Peter,&Just, Andreas.(2018).Gravitational wave driven mergers and coalescence time of supermassive black holes.ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS,615,9. |
| MLA | Khan, Fazeel Mahmood,et al."Gravitational wave driven mergers and coalescence time of supermassive black holes".ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS 615(2018):9. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：国家天文台
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