社区老年居民认知功能和情绪状态与微信使用的关系
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 闫洁 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 李娟 |
| 关键词 | 社区 老年人 认知功能 情绪状态 微信使用 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Relationship between cognitive functions and emotional state and WeChat using among community-dwelling older adults |
| 中文摘要 | Objective: Since the 1990s, China's aging process has also accelerated significantly. With the development of aging, a significant problem is that the physical and mental functions of the older adults are declining. And from the point of view of the mental health of the older people, delaying the cognitive dysfunction of them has become a hot topic of research at home and abroad. The purpose of this study was to assess the cognitive functions, emotional state, and the usage of WeChat among community-dwelling older adults, and explore the relationship among them. Thus with the expection that promoting cognitive of the older adults by intelligent electronic devices and related software will be widespread concerned. At the same time, it also provides a useful reference for the cognitive function training of older people.Methods: With the collaboration of Community Hospital, a total of 2136 senior citizens aged over 60 from 10 central communities were recruited in Chaoyang District, Beijing (2041 valid samples). The general demographic data, living habits and health status were collected, and the neuropsychological tests were carried out simultaneously. The subjects reported the usage of WeChat independently, including the frequency of usage and the length of each time, and gender, age, years of education and occupation as covariates in the study. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Verbal Fluency Test (VFT), Digit Span Test (DST), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD) were used to examine cognitive functions and emotion. Meanwhile, the relationship of each other was assessed by statistical analysis methods such as analysis of covariance, independent samples t-test, and regression analysis.Results: The rate of cognitive impairment and depression were 8.0% and 12.9% respectively. The total scores of MMSE, VFT, DST and DSST were significantly lower in the ≥75 age group than in the 60-64, 65-69 and 70-74 age groups. In ≤6 years education group, the total scores of MMSE, VFT, DST and DSST were lower than in 6.5-12 years education group significantly, and the scores of 6.5-12 years education group were lower than ≥12.5 years education group. The manual labor group was significantly lower than the mental labor group in all of the cognitive functions scores. And the DSST scores of female were higher than male. In CESD total scores, 70-74 and ≥75 age groups were higher than 60-64 and 65-69 age groups. And the depression dimension scores of female were higher than male. The scores of cognitive functions in the WeChat using group were significantly higher than those in the non-WeChat group, and the total scores of CESD, depression, positive emotion, physical symptoms and activity retardation were significantly lower than those in the non-WeChat group (P﹤0.001). After controlling gender, age, years of education and nature of occupation, the hierarchical regression showed that WeChat using could predict the scores of MMSE, VFT, DST and DSST positively (β=0.14, 0.15, 0.11, 0.17, P﹤0.001), and predict the total score of CESD and the scores of depression, positive emotion, physical symptom and activity retardation negatively (β=-0.10, -0.08, -0.07, -0.10, P﹤0.01). Besides that, there were gender differences between WeChat using and VFT and DSST scores, as well as differences in years of education and occupation in MMSE scores. And there were no significant differences in scores of cognitive function, CESD total and dimension scores among different WeChat using total time groups.The scores of MMSE, VFT, DST and DSST could be predicted negatively by emotional state (β=-0.08, -0.06, -0.05, -0.04, P﹤0.05). And the total scores of CESD played a partial mediating role between WeChat using and overall cognitive and verbal functions, with the contribution rate of 3% and 1.8% respectively.Conclusion: (1) The cognitive functions of the community-dwelling older adults in Beijing were different by gender, age, years of education and occupation, and were different by gender and age in depression. (2) The higher scores of cognitive functions and emotional state were related to the older people who use WeChat. (3) There were gender differences in WeChat using and verbal function and processing speed, as well as distinct total cognitive function in WeCchat using and years of education and oppucation. (4) There was no significant correlation of cognitive functions and emotional state among different WeChat using total time groups. (5) The total scores of CESD were associated with cognitive functions negatively, and played the mediating role of WeChat using and total cognitive and verbal function. |
| 英文摘要 | 目的：20世纪90年代以来，我国老龄化进程显著加快，老年人身心功能减退随之成为显著问题。立足老年心理健康角度，延缓老年人认知功能障碍成为国内外关注的热点话题。本研究旨在考察社区老年居民认知功能、情绪状态和微信使用情况，进而探究三者之间的关系。以期引发社会对老年人使用智能电子设备及相关软件的广泛关注，也为实践中老年人认知训练提供有益借鉴。 方法：经与社区医院合作，从北京市朝阳区10个中心社区招募2136名60岁以上老年居民，获得有效样本2041份。收集被试一般人口学资料、生活习惯、身体健康状况，同步开展神经心理测验及量表评定。被试自主报告微信使用情况（使用频率、每次使用时长），并将性别、年龄、受教育年限、职业性质作为协变量纳入研究。采用简易智力状态检查量表（MMSE）、言语流畅性测验（VFT）、数字广度测验（DST）、数字符号转换测验（DSST）评估认知功能；采用流调中心抑郁量表（CESD）评估情绪状态，并运用协方差分析、独立样本t检验、回归分析等方法考察相互之间的关系。结果：认知障碍、抑郁情绪的被试分别占比8.0%、12.9%。在MMSE、VFT、DST、DSST得分上，≥75岁组显著低于60～64岁、65～69岁、70～74岁组，受教育年限≤6年组显著低于6.5～12年组、6.5～12年组显著低于≥12.5年组，体力劳动组显著低于脑力劳动组，女性DSST得分显著高于男性；70～74岁和≥75岁组CESD总分显著高于60～64岁、65～69岁组，女性抑郁情绪维度显著高于男性。使用微信组的各认知功能得分显著高于未使用微信组、CESD总分及抑郁情绪、躯体症状及活动迟滞维度得分显著低于未使用微信组（P＜0.001）。分层回归显示，控制性别、年龄、受教育年限、职业性质后，微信使用可以正向预测MMSE、VFT、DST、DSST认知功能得分（分别为β=0.14、0.15、0.11、0.17，P＜0.001），负向预测CESD总分及抑郁情绪、躯体症状及活动迟滞维度得分（分别为β=-0.10、-0.08、-0.10，P＜0.01）。微信使用和VFT、DSST得分的关系存在性别差异，和MMSE总分的关系存在受教育年限、职业性质差异。不同微信使用总体时长组在各认知功能得分、CESD总分及维度得分的差异均不显著。CESD总分负向预测MMSE、VFT、DST、DSST得分（分别为β=-0.08、-0.06、-0.05、-0.04，P＜0.05），并在微信使用与整体认知、言语功能之间起部分中介效应，贡献率分别为3%、1.8%。结论：（1）社区老年居民认知功能存在性别、年龄、受教育年限、职业性质差异，抑郁情绪存在性别、年龄差异；（2）较高认知功能、较好情绪体验与微信使用可能相关。（3）微信使用与言语功能、加工速度存在性别差异，与整体认知存在受教育年限、职业性质差异。（4）不同微信使用时长与老年人认知功能、情绪状态无关联。（5）CESD总分负向预测认知功能，并在微信使用与整体认知、言语功能间产生中介效应。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41619]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 闫洁. 社区老年居民认知功能和情绪状态与微信使用的关系[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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