快速阅读训练对基于视觉定向搜索的注意力 影响：ERP研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李恒平 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-01 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 刘正奎 |
| 关键词 | 快速阅读训练 视觉搜索 注意力 ERPs |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | ERPs Study on the Effect of Speed Reading Training on Attention Based on Visual Beam Search |
| 中文摘要 | Objective:To observe the specific effect of speed reading training on visual attention function of children aged 9 to 13 years.Methods:Thirty elementary school students aged 9 to 13 years were recruited as subjects,using Schulte Grid as experimental materials and the visual directional search task as test item.The subjects underwent an attention test before and after a speed reading training respectively,while the ERP components under different statuses were recorded and analyzed at BP-ERP workstations,to study the brain electrical changes related to visual attention before and after the speed reading training,and to analyze the neurophysiological mechanism indicating the effect of the speed reading training on the subjects’ visual attention.The results showed:①for the same visual search task, both response time and completion rate after the training was better than before the training,and the completion rate of the subjects in the sequential search was significantly different between before and after the training.②When performing the positioning search,the latency periods of N120 at F3,FC2 and FC5 points after the training increased significantly compared with that of before the training.When performing sequential search,the amplitude at F7 and Fz points after the training increases significantly compared with that of before the training;As to N60 and P130 at P7 point,the latency periods of both the two visual search tasks were significantly different between before and after the training.③As to P200 at Fp1,Fp2,F7,Fz,T7 points,the amplitudes of both two visual search tasks after the training were significantly smaller than that of before the training;as to N200 at P7 point,the amplitudes of both two visual search tasks after the training were significantly greater than that of before the training.④As to P250 at P7 point, the latency periods of both two visual search tasks after the training were significantly smaller than that of before the training.⑤As to N310 at F4,T7,P7,Fz and FCz points,the amplitudes of both two visual search tasks after the training were significantly greater than that of before the training.When performing any of the visual search tasks,there were also significant differences of latency periods and amplitudes between before and after the training at many other electrode points.Conclusion:Speed reading training has a positive effect on the subjects’ visual directional search ability.The attention quality such as the breadth of attention, the shift of attention and the stability of attention have been improved;Speed reading training may activate the attention function of multiple cerebral network cortex, and reduce the consumption of cognitive resources;The N310 component found in the study is of great importance.The results show that speed reading training reading training may strengthen the subjects' ability to detect and identify prospective cues,and to extract intention.This process mobilizes more psychological factors and still needs to consume attention resources, which belongs to the information processing process of consciousness control type. |
| 英文摘要 | 目的：探讨快速阅读训练对9～13岁儿童的视觉注意功能的具体影响。方法：招募30名9～13岁的在校小学生作为被试，以舒尔特数字方格为实验材料，以视觉定向搜索任务为检测作业，被试在接受快速阅读训练前后分别进行一次注意力测试，同时用BP-ERP工作站记录并分析不同状态下的ERP成分，研究被试在快速阅读训练的前后测中与视觉注意力相关的脑电变化，分析快速阅读训练对被试视觉注意力影响的神经电生理机制。结果发现：①对于相同的视觉搜索任务，被试后测的反应时和完成率均优于前测，且被试进行顺序搜索时的完成率前后测具有显著性差异。②记录到N120在F3、FC2和FC5点上执行定位搜索任务的后测潜伏期较前测显著增长，在F7、Fz点上执行顺序搜索任务的后测波幅较前测显著增大；N60和P130在P7点上，两种视觉搜索任务的前后测潜伏期均有显著性差异。③P200在Fp1、Fp2、F7、Fz、T7点上，两种视觉搜索任务的后测波幅显著小于前测；N200在P7点上，两种视觉搜索任务的后测波幅均显著大于前测。④P250在P7点上，两种视觉搜索任务的后测潜伏期显著小于前测。⑤N310在F4、T7、P7、Fz、FCz上，两种视觉搜索任务的后测波幅均显著大于前测。执行其中任一项视觉搜索任务时，还有其他多处电极点前后测的潜伏期、波幅有显著性差异。结论：快速阅读训练对被试的视觉定向搜索能力有正向影响，被试注意的广度、注意的转移和稳定性等注意力品质可能得到提升；快速阅读训练激活了被试多处大脑网络皮层的注意功能，消耗的认知资源减少；研究中发现的N310成分具有非常重要的意义。表明快速阅读训练可能强化了被试的前瞻线索觉察与识别能力、意向提取能力，这一过程调动了更多的心理因素，仍需要消耗注意资源，属于意识控制型的信息加工过程。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41691]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李恒平. 快速阅读训练对基于视觉定向搜索的注意力 影响：ERP研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院心理研究所. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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