社交焦虑注意偏向矫正训练机制的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 郑磊 |
| 答辩日期 | 2019-07 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 李雪冰 |
| 关键词 | 社交焦虑 注意偏向矫正训练 认知抑制 事件相关电位 Stroop任务 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士（同等学力硕士） |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The mechanism of Attention Bias Modification for social anxiety |
| 中文摘要 | Previous studies showed that attention bias modification (ABM) can act as a potential intervention by adjusting cognitive bias and relieving social anxiety symptoms, however, its underlying neural mechanisms are not clear yet. In the current project, we used two studies to examine the intervention effect of ABM on clinical social anxiety disorders and the neural mechanism of ABM on social anxiety college students with Event-related potentials (ERP) technique.In study 1, Thirty patients with clinical social anxiety disorder were randomly divided into two groups, the Attention Modification Program condition (AMP, n=15) and the Attention Control Condition (ACC, n=15). They completed a multi-sector, four-week attention training based on dot-probe task. Before and after training, they completed the Questionnaires to evaluate anxiety symptoms, and completed the emotional Stroop task to measure attention bias and behavioral indicators. The results showed the anxiety symptoms of the two groups were relieved, and the scores of the subjects with negative attention bias in the pretest decreased after the training.In study 2, thirty-seven college students with social anxiety were randomly assigned into the Attention Modification Program (AMP, n=20) condition, the Attention Control Condition (ACC, n=17). Questionnaires, Stroop task and emotion Stroop task with EEG recording at pre- and post- training were used to assess whether and how effects of 4-week period ABM had transferred on to emotional symptoms and cognitive control. Waiting group (n=18) was conducted to assess the natural regression of emotional states. In terms of ERP results, in the classical Stroop task, N450 and SP amplitude of AMP group and ACC group both increased after training, indicating that attention control ability is applied in a more active way. P2 amplitude decreased after AMP training, which suggested that ABM training can reduce the early attention resource allocation of the individual to the relevant stimulus. In terms of ERPs, the ACC group showed a greater N1 negativity to face stimuli at the post- than pre-test stages. While for the AMP group, the face processing component VPP/N170 significantly decreased. For late component LPP, both AMP and ACC group showed a significant reduction across all facial conditions. Notably, the reduction of LPP to negative faces was associated with corresponding reduction in behavioral attention bias scores, while the reduction to neutral faces was positively correlated with symptom improvement. Manipulations unique to ABM training primarily modulate the early attention distribution of material-related stimuli. However, the clinical benefits of attention training may derive from later cognitive-affective mechanisms.In a word, ABM training can improve the cognitive control ability of social anxiety individuals and the clinical significance of ABM training mainly stems from the cognitive influence mechanism. |
| 英文摘要 | 注意偏向矫正(Attention bias modification, ABM)训练作为一种以改变焦虑症状为目的的认知训练方法，得到越来越多的关注，但其是如何发挥作用的，潜在的认知及神经机制还存在广泛的争议，本论文的研究分为两个部分，分别以社交焦虑障碍病人和社交焦虑大学生个人为研究对象，考察了ABM训练对临床病人的干预效果以及其发挥作用的潜在认知及神经机制。在研究一中，我们采用了前后测的方式对30个临床社交焦虑患者的焦虑症状和注意偏向进行测查。被试被随机分为两个组，注意偏向训练组（Attention modification program, AMP, n=15）和注意偏向控制组(Attention control condition, ACC, n=15)，并完成为期4周的基于点探测任务的注意训练。结果发现：两组被试的焦虑症状都缓解了，前测时具有负性注意偏向的被试训练后负性注意偏向得分降低了。在研究二中，我们通过问卷筛查选取具有社交焦虑症状的55名大学生，分为三个组，AMP组(n=20)和ACC组(n=17)以及等待组(n=18)。AMP和ACC组完成了如研究一的训练任务，等待组未做任何训练。在前后测阶段，AMP和ACC组进行了症状量表的评估，及经典Stroop和情绪面孔Stroop任务，同时采集了事件相关电位(Event-related potential, ERPs)数据，等待组仅完成症状量表评估。ERP结果显示，在经典Stroop任务中，AMP组和ACC组经过训练后，N450和SP波幅都有所提高，说明被试用更积极的方式去运用注意控制能力。与ACC组相比，AMP组训练后P2波幅降低了，这说明ABM训练可以降低被试对于相关刺激的早期注意资源的分配。情绪Stroop任务中，训练后ACC组对于面孔的刺激显示出N1波幅的增加，然而代表面孔进程的VPP/N170在AMP组波幅显著降低了，说明在训练中以面孔为任务的偶然刺激能够调节注意过程的早期阶段。对于晚期成分LPP，AMP和ACC组在所有类型的面孔条件下都显示出波幅的下降。负性面孔的LPP的波幅下降和注意偏向分数的下降相对应，中性面孔的LPP的下降和焦虑症状的改善成正相关。这些数据提示，虽然ABM训练能够影响早期的材料和相关刺激的注意分配，但是ABM的训练发挥作用可能来自于提高晚期的认知控制能力。总之，ABM训练能够提升社交焦虑个体的认知控制功能，作用的潜在机制表现为调节了注意加工的早期阶段，但ABM的训练的临床效果可能主要来源于晚期的认知加工改变。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/41700]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郑磊. 社交焦虑注意偏向矫正训练机制的研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2019. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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