二氧化钛和氧化铁直接电解制备铁钛储氢合金的工艺研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 郭晓玲 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2007-06-05 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 过程工程研究所 |
| 导师 | 郭占成 |
| 关键词 | TiO2 Fe2O3 TiFe储氢合金 FFC工艺 电化学储氢性能 |
| 其他题名 | Study on Process of Direct Electro-Reduction of Titanium Dioxide and Ferric Oxide to Ferrotitanium Hydrogen Storage Alloy |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 由于能源危机和环境污染问题日益严峻，清洁能源越来越受到人们的青睐，氢能便是其中之一。储氢材料作为其载体在氢能的开发利用中发挥着重要作用。铁钛合金是最早开发用于储氢的合金之一。它具有资源丰富、成本低等优点，但流程复杂、活化困难等限制了它的发展。熔盐电脱氧法(简称FFC 法)是近几年新兴的一种冶金/材料新工艺。采用该工艺制备合金具有流程短、产品纯度高、合金元素比例易于控制等优点。同时，还原后的阴极具有多孔形貌，利于储氢；采用FFC 工艺还能充分利用我国丰富的钛铁矿资源。综合来说，采用FFC 工艺制备TiFe 储氢合金与传统方法相比具有简化工艺流程、改善活化性能、资源综合利用等优点。 因此，本文对TiO2 和Fe2O3 混合氧化物电极直接电解过程进行了研究，主要研究内容和结果如下： (1) 对TiO2 和Fe2O3 混合氧化物电极的制备工艺进行了研究，重点考察烧结制度对电极性能的影响；通过研究确定了熔盐的预处理方法。 (2) 对混合电极的还原过程进行了研究。电极的还原是由外而内进行的，还原过程可以大致分为两个阶段：初期的铁还原期和后期的TiFe 生成期。热力学计算的结果很好地对解释了上述还原过程，并指出CaTiO3 的还原是其中最难还原的一步。 (3) 计算了电解过程的电流效率，主要考察了电解时间、电压对电流效率的影响；分析了槽电压的组成；计算了电解过程的直流电耗，由于电流效率仅10%左右，体系的直流电耗较高。 (4) 测定了所制备TiFe 合金的电化学性能。所制得的TiFe 合金无须活化便具有一定的储氢能力，电化学储氢容量最高可达到60mA·h·g-1，远优于传统方法制备的TiFe，与高能球磨的接近。 |
| 英文摘要 | Today, shortage of energy sources and serious pollution has made more and more emphasis placed on clean energy of which hydrogen energy is a good example. In its exploitation, hydrogen storage materials, the carrier of hydrogen, play a leading role. Ferrotitanium alloy is among the earliest known hydrogen storage alloys. Although it possesses many advantages, such as abundance in resource, low cost, the complexity of preparation and difficulty of activation prevent its development. Direct electrochemical reduction process (FFC process) well known for its short flow chart, high purity product, and easy component adjustment is a promising process for producing metals and alloys in metallurgy and material field. Meanwhile, alloy powders produced by FFC process have porous morphology, which may be of great benefit to hydrogen storage. That is to say, FFC process applied to producing TiFe hydrogen storage alloy may simplify the procedure, improve the activation property and utilize resource synthetically. In this work, preparation of TiFe hydrogen storage alloy by direct electrochemical reduction in CaCl2 molten salt was studied. The main results were presented as follows: (1) Preparation of cathode pellets with mixed TiO2 and Fe2O3 powders and pretreatment of CaCl2 salt was studied. Especially, sintering condition was examined carefully as an important factor affecting the properties of pellets. (2) Reduction was found to occur firstly outside the pellets and then inside by observing the pellets after electrolysis for different time. The whole electrolysis process, roughly, includes two periods: the reduction of Fe and the forming of TiFe. In addition, thermodynamic analysis indicates that reduction of CaTiO3 is the controlling step. (3) Current efficiency was calculated and effects of electrolysis time and voltage on it were investigated. Additionally, the electricity energy consumption as well as the component of voltage was examined. Since the current efficiency is only about 10%, the power consumption is rather regrettable. (4) Examination of electrochemical behavior shows that the discharge capacity of TiFe alloy produced by electrolysis without activation can reach about 60 mA·h·g-1 and such performance is comparable with or better than those prepared by other methods. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-13 |
| 页码 | 100 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1157]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郭晓玲. 二氧化钛和氧化铁直接电解制备铁钛储氢合金的工艺研究[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2007. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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