吸附-微生物脱硫原位耦合工艺研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 张怀英 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2006-06-11 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 过程工程研究所 |
| 导师 | 刘会洲 |
| 关键词 | 吸附脱硫 生物脱硫 原位耦合 氧化铝 阿拉伯胶 |
| 其他题名 | In-situ Coupling Technology of Adsorptive Desulfurization and Biodesulfurization |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 吸附脱硫和生物脱硫技术具有条件温和、操作简单和成本低的优点，被认为是最具有应用前景的柴油深度脱硫技术。吸附-生物原位耦合脱硫工艺是耦合了吸附脱硫的速率快和生物脱硫的选择性高的优点的新型工艺。该耦合工艺是通过在微生物脱硫细胞上吸附纳米脱硫吸附剂来实现的。本文在模拟体系中对吸附-微生物催化原位耦合脱硫工艺进行了研究。 首先，考察了常用脱硫吸附剂γ-Al2O3，Na-Y分子筛和活性炭在原位耦合脱硫工艺中的脱硫效果。结果表明，Na-Y分子筛和活性炭均不能与德氏假单胞杆菌R-8进行耦合脱硫。纳米结构的γ-Al2O3能够有效地吸附到细胞表面，快速地从油相中吸附DBT，传递给细菌进行生物降解，从而提高脱硫速率。 其次，优化了纳米γ-Al2O3的合成工艺和纳米γ-Al2O3的原位耦合脱硫工艺。分别用溶胶法和过氧化氢法制备得到了纳米γ-Al2O3，其中过氧化氢法制备的γ-Al2O3吸附性能更好。在过氧化氢法制备过程中，经过共沸蒸馏过程得到的γ-Al2O3吸附能力和与德氏假单胞杆菌R-8耦合脱硫速率分别为经过常规水热处理得到的γ-Al2O3 的1.12倍和1.5倍。在纳米γ-Al2O3与R-8耦合体系中，γ-Al2O3吸附剂的最佳用量在1~2 g Al2O3/ g dry cell之间，最佳脱硫pH范围为5~8。质量为1g的纳米γ-Al2O3与德氏假单胞杆菌R-8耦合能将脱硫速率提高到纯R-8脱硫速率的2.7倍。 为了消除γ- Al2O3纳米颗粒的在水相中的团聚现象，采用阿拉伯胶(GA)对γ- Al2O3纳米颗粒进行了表面修饰。阿拉伯胶通过空间位阻作用，使γ-Al2O3颗粒能在水相中稳定分散。500mg未经修饰的γ-Al2O3与R-8进行耦合脱硫，将脱硫速率提高到了纯R-8脱硫速率的1.23倍，同等质量经过GA修饰的γ-Al2O3能将耦合速率提高到纯R-8脱硫速率的1.77倍。即GA改性能使γ-Al2O3的耦合速率得到提高，可有效减少耦合脱硫中γ-Al2O3的用量。 |
| 英文摘要 | Adsorptive desulfurization and biodesulfurization (BDS) are promising desulfurization technologies for producing ultra-low sulfur petroleum products, due to their merits of mild conditions, simple operation and low cost. In-situ coupling of adsorptive desulfurization and biodesulfurization technology was carried out by assembling nano-adsorbents onto surfaces of desulfurization microbial cells. It is a new technology which has the merits of the high-selectivity of biodesulfurization and the high-rate of adsorptive desulfurization. The goal of this research was to study the in- situ coupling desulfurization technology and deepen the foundation of its industrialization. Firstly, applications of widely used desulfurization adsorbents of γ-Al2O3, Na-Y molecular sieves and activated carbon in the coupling desulfurization technology were studied and compared. Neither Na-Y molecular sieves nor activated carbon is applicable into the in-situ coupling desulfurization technology. It was found that γ-Al2O3 can adsorb DBT from the oil phase quickly and transfer it to microbial cells for biodegradation, and thus increase the desulfurization rate. Results also show that nano-sized γ-Al2O3 performed better in the coupling technology than regular-sized γ-Al2O3. It was found that nano-γ-Al2O3 is the better adsorbent for this coupling desulfurization technology. Then, the synthesis of nano-γ-Al2O3 and its application in the in-situ coupling technology were optimized. Nano-γ-Al2O3 synthesized by the method of H2O2 titration was better than that by the method of Gel. The adsorptive capability and coupling desulfurization rate of nano-γ-Al2O3 made through azeotropic distillation are 1.12 and 1.5 times of that of nano-γ-Al2O3 made through hydrothermal processing, respectively. In the in-situ coupling desulfuization of nano-γ-Al2O3 with Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8, the best amout of nano-γ-Al2O3 is between 1~2 g Al2O3 /g cell, the best pH range is 5~8. It was also found that the in-situ coupling of 1g nano-γ-Al2O3 with Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8 increased the desulfurization rate to 2.7 times. Last, gum arabic (GA) was used to avoid agglomeration of γ-Al2O3 in aqueous solution. Results show that nano-γ-Al2O3 dispersed well in aqueous solution after GA modification. In the in-situ coupling with Pseudomonas delafieldii R-8, unmodified nano-γ-Al2O3 increased the desulfurization rate to 1.23 times, while the modified nano- γ-Al2O3 increased it to 1.77 times. It means that GA modification can increase the coulpling desulfurization rate and thus reduce the amount of γ-Al2O3 nano-particles needed in in-situ coupling desulfurization technology. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-13 |
| 页码 | 81 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1169]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 张怀英. 吸附-微生物脱硫原位耦合工艺研究[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2006. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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