单孔微球的制备以及应用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 毕彩霞 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008-06-02 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 过程工程研究所 |
| 导师 | 马光辉 |
| 关键词 | 单孔微球 溶胀封口 膜乳化技术 磁性高分子微球 荧光微球 |
| 其他题名 | The Preparation and Applications of One-hole Particles |
| 学位专业 | 生物化工 |
| 中文摘要 | 近几年来，包埋功能性物质的高分子微球已经在污水处理、化合物包埋等方面展现了广阔的应用前景。但是传统的制备工艺大多是在微球的成球过程同时完成对小分子的包埋，这不可避免地存在很多缺点：首先两个过程互相重叠各个因素相互制约，从而使微球内孔径以及包埋率等可控性差。其次由于聚合物微球的成球过程一般比较剧烈，在很大程度上限制了很多热敏性物质以及蛋白、细胞包埋，普适性不是很好。 为此，本论文提出一种新的制备工艺：首先制备出粒径均一、孔径可控的单孔微球，然后对微球进行颗粒的自由罐装，最后进行封口处理获得功能化高分子微球。本论文在微球制备方面采用微孔膜乳化-悬浮聚合法，通过考察各个影响因素，制备出粒径均一、孔径可控的单孔微球。然后论文对微球封口处理进行了研究，找到一种针对于聚苯乙烯体系的单孔微球封口方案。最后论文就单孔微球在包埋功能性材料的应用方面进行了初步研究。论文分为以下几个部分： 第一部分为微球的制备。将配好的含有引发剂、制孔剂的油相装入特氟龙管，采用氮气加压，使管内的油溶液透过多孔膜压入到含有稳定剂的外水相中，成为O/W型溶液，然后聚合获得微球。首先通过控制油相中制孔剂的含量制备出不同内孔径的单孔微球，建立内孔径控制方案。其次通过控制亲水单体含量、阻聚剂等含量制备出不同表面孔径的单孔微球，建立表面孔径控制方案。 第二部分为微球的封口，论文采用溶剂溶胀方法来封口，封口原理是先使微球吸收溶剂从而溶胀，然后高分子分子链在溶剂的挥发氛围下向球表面移动，最终使表面孔完全融合。尝试了用不同溶剂进行封口，并对不同含量的溶剂的封口效果进行了研究，通过比较选定甲苯为聚苯乙烯体系的最佳封口溶剂，最佳甲苯溶胀封口体积为甲苯/微球悬浮溶液=2%（V/V）。 第三部分为单孔微球的应用，提出一种崭新的制备功能化高分子微球的方法，采用所制备出的单孔微球，进行功能化物质的自由灌装包埋，最后进行封口处理获得功能化高分子微球。本论文选择四氧化三铁纳米颗粒、异硫氰酸荧光素作为所要包埋的功能性物质，制备出了包埋率高，泄露量低的高分子微球。 |
| 英文摘要 | In the past decades, micro-particle containing functional materials have showed extensive and prospective applications in many fields such as storage of unstable chemicals and removal of pollutants. However, in the traditional preparation technique, loading process of functional materials usually happened simultaneously with the formation of particles. This system may induce some unavoidable disadvantages, for example, it is difficult to control the hole size and loading efficiency simultaneously. Furthermore, the operational condition is sometimes severe which is not suitable for encapsulation of proteins, thermal-sensitive chemicals, et al. To overcome the disadvantages mentioned above, in this thesis, a novel process was developed. In the new process, the uniform-sized particles with controllable holes in their surface were obtained firstly. After loading the functional materials through the holes, the holes were closed by the means of swelling with a selected solvent. In present research, the one-hole particles were prepared under a condition of gradual phase separation between poly(styrene-co-N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) and HD by combining Shirasu Porous Glass (SPG) emulsification technique and subsequent suspension polymerization process. The effects of amount of HD, DAP(diaminophenylene), ADVN (N, N’-azobis (2, 4-dimethylvaleronitrile)) and DMAEMA (dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) on the formation of one-hole particle were investigated respectively. The optimal recipe was: DAP 0.10 g, ADVN 0.1 g, DMAEMA 0.45 g, HD 3.5 g. The existence of holes in the surfaces of hollow particles allows for direct loading of functional materials, such as magnetic nanoparticles, and fluorescent particles. The hole can be closed afterward by the means of swelling with a selected solvent. It was found that adding a small amount of toluene (2% v/v in water) to an aqueous suspension of the particles (0.45 g/mL) can close the holes within 1 h. Finally, fluorescein isothiocynate (a common fluorescent reagent) and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (10-20 nm) were used to testify the feasibility of the new encapsulation process. The results showed that both small molecules and nanoparticles can be well encapsulated with this novel approach. In conclusion, we have synthesized uniform-sized particles with controllable holes in their surface by employing the SPG emulsification technique followed by a polymerization process, and also presented an interesting approach to prepare versatile encapsulations |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-13 |
| 页码 | 76 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1230]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 毕彩霞. 单孔微球的制备以及应用[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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