微生物燃料电池型BOD传感器的优化及其性能研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 佟萌 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2008-05-27 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 过程工程研究所 |
| 导师 | 李浩然 |
| 关键词 | 微生物燃料电池型BOD传感器 生化需氧量 转化率 库仑产量 性能优化 |
| 其他题名 | Study on the Optimization and Performance of Microbial Fuel Cell Type BOD Sensor |
| 学位专业 | 生物化工 |
| 中文摘要 | 微生物燃料电池是以微生物为催化剂，将可降解有机物中的化学能直接转化为电能的装置。本研究将利用微生物燃料电池富集电化学活性微生物，并通过优化电池操作条件、改进电池结构等手段提高并稳定电池性能，考察电池的库仑产量、最大电流（电压）与底物BOD间的对应关系，从而将微生物燃料电池应用于BOD检测。研究结果如下： ⑴ 利用微生物燃料电池可从厌氧消化淤泥及废水中富集电化学活性微生物。在微生物燃料电池中，吸附在阳极表面的菌体细胞是电池产电的主要贡献者。 ⑵ 阳极缓冲液组成、产甲烷菌抑制剂、温度、外电阻、阴极电子受体、质子交换膜污染程度等均可影响电池性能。通过优化操作条件可将H-型双室微生物燃料电池的转化率由10%左右提高至70%以上。 ⑶ 当微生物燃料电池的转化率稳定时，电池的库仑产量与底物BOD总量成正比。当底物BOD浓度低于临界值时，电池的最大电流（电压）与底物BOD浓度成正比，此时电池的响应时间较短，可用于BOD浓度的实时检测。当外电阻为51 Ω，阴极电子受体为50 mmol/L的K3Fe(CN)6时，H-型双室微生物燃料电池的临界浓度为12.8 mg/L，电池的检出限为ppm量级。 ⑷ 与H-型双室微生物燃料电池相比，套筒型双室微生物燃料电池有着更小的欧姆内阻和最优外阻。当外电阻为20 Ω，阴极电子受体为O2时，该电池的临界浓度为2.56 mg/L，电池的检出限为ppm量级。 总之，微生物燃料电池型BOD传感器具有操作简单、稳定性好等优点，可应用于BOD浓度的实时检测。 |
| 英文摘要 | A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a device that can directly convert chemical energy stored in organic substrate into electricity by biodegradation. In this research, MFCs were used to enrich electrochemically active bacteria. The performance of MFCs was enhanced by optimization of operational parameters and MFC configurations. The MFC-type BOD sensors were designed and the BOD value was correlated with the coulomb yield or maximal current (voltage). The follow results were obtained: ⑴ The electrochemically active bacteria existed in anaerobic digest sludge and wastewater were enriched by MFC. The bacteria attached on the anode surface were the main contributors to electricity generation. ⑵ Operational parameters including electrolyte, electron acceptor in the cathode compartment, temperature, external resistance, and proton exchange membrane (PEM) pollution affected the performance of MFC. The coulombic efficiency of the H-type MFC was enhanced from about 10% to more than 70% by optimization of operational parameters. ⑶ When the coulombic efficiency was stable, the coulomb yield obtained from MFC was proportional to the total BOD amount of the samples. When BOD concentration was lower than a critical value, the maximal current (voltage) was also proportional to BOD concentration, and the response time was short enough for real-time determination of BOD concentration. The critical concentration was 12.8 mg/L with the external resistance of 51 Ω and K3Fe(CN)6 as cathode electron acceptor with 50 mmol/L initial concentration in the H-type MFC. The minimum detection limit of the BOD samples was ppm. ⑷ The ohmic internal resistance and optimal external resistance of sleeve-type MFC was lower than those of H-type MFC. In the sleeve-type MFC, the critical concentration was 2.56 mg/L with the external resistance of 20 Ω and O2 as cathode electron acceptor. Therefore, it can be used to determine samples with minimum detection limit of ppm in BOD concentration. The MFC type BOD sensor has the advantages of easy operation and long-term stability, and it can be used for real-time determination of BOD concentration. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-13 |
| 页码 | 81 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1232]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 佟萌. 微生物燃料电池型BOD传感器的优化及其性能研究[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2008. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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