轻质绝热用氧化铝空心微球的制备与表征
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 郭晨怿 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2009-05-19 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 过程工程研究所 |
| 导师 | 袁方利 |
| 关键词 | 模板法 空心结构 水热法 氧化铝 |
| 其他题名 | Preparation and Characterization of Al2O3 Hollow Spheres for Heat Insulation |
| 学位专业 | 化学工程 |
| 中文摘要 | 本文以提高材料的绝热性能为目标，利用模板法制备了Al2O3、ZrO2空心结构微球，同时利用水热法开展了针状Al(OOH)的制备研究。首先，利用胶体碳球为模板，以廉价易得的Al(NO3)3和氨水为反应物，通过吸附法和沉淀法成功制备出Al2O3空心结构微球，并利用EDS、XRD、SEM、TEM和DTA-TG等手段对产物的结构、形貌和干燥脱水过程进行了表征和检测。结果表明，沉淀法能够得到粒径均一、分散性好的直径为500nm的Al2O3空心微球。系统研究了反应温度、时间、反应物浓度、表面活性剂和不同无机盐等多种参数对产物结构和形貌的影响，发现超声对于提高沉淀产物的分散性、消除团聚具有重要影响。通过调控不同胶体碳球的大小，可以控制获得的空心颗粒大小。与液相法等制备Al2O3粉体相比，本方法更加经济，工艺更加简单，过程中不会产生对环境有毒有害的物质。在此基础上，又将此方法推广到ZrO2空心微球的制备中，同时通过添加表面活性剂PEG-1000，得到了一种表面多孔状的ZrO2空心微球。与Al2O3空心微球相比，ZrO2微球表面是多孔网状结构，能够产生更多的表面空隙。 此外，本论文还采用水热法，利用不同水热条件对反应产物形貌的影响制备了针状结构的Al(OOH)，研究了Al(NO3)3溶液浓度、不同铝盐、不同溶剂体系等参数对产物形貌的影响，进一步发现了柠檬酸根(C6H8O73-)离子和Cl-离子对Al(OOH)产物形貌所起的关键作用。 |
| 英文摘要 | In this paper, Al2O3 and ZrO2 hollow spheres were prepared by using colloid carbon spheres as the templates; and acicular Al(OOH) was prepared by hydrothermal method. First, Al2O3 and ZrO2 hollow spheres were successfully obtained by calcinations of core-shell structures which were obtained in adsorption and precipitation methods using Al(NO3)3 and NH3•H2O as reactants on the colloid carbon. EDS, XRD, SEM, TEM and DTA-TG were employed to characterize the structure, morphology and desiccation property of the as-prepared Al2O3 hollow microspheres. The results showed that the product had uniform morphology and good dispersion with the size of approximately 500nm. Following the study on the effects of temperature, time, concentration, surfactant and different inorganic salts, it was found that the ultrasonication had great effect in the process of dispersion and avoidance of agglomeration. The size of hollow spheres was regulated by using colloidal carbon spheres with different size. Compared with other methods, this technique was more economical, simple and environmentally friendly. Precipitation method was extended to obtain ZrO2 hollow microspheres. A kind of porous ZrO2 hollow microspheres was prepared by the addition of PEG-1000. Compared with Al2O3 hollow microspheres, the ZrO2 product was porous and reticular, and had more interspace. Furthermore, acicular Al(OOH) was obtained by hydrothermal approach. The influence to the morphology of Al(OOH) was studied by controlling the concentration of Al(NO3)3, different inorganic aluminum salts and different solvents. The key role of the C6H8O73- and Cl- anion on the morphology of product was further discovered. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-16 |
| 页码 | 94 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1272]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 郭晨怿. 轻质绝热用氧化铝空心微球的制备与表征[D]. 过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2009. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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