氧化锌和二硫化钨纳米粒子的合成研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 杜红初 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2004 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院过程工程研究所 |
| 导师 | 袁方利 |
| 关键词 | 合成 晶体生长 氧化锌 二硫化钨 纳米粒子 |
| 其他题名 | Research on the Synthesis of Zinc Oxide and Tungsten Disulfide Nanoparticles |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 本论文在氧化锌和二硫化钨纳米粒子的合成和晶体生长方面取得了一些新颖的 研究成果。首先，通过溶剂热条件下醋酸锌和乙醇的酷化反应合成出分散性好、形貌 呈均匀类球形的氧化锌纳米粒子。反应尾液中所存在的乙酸乙酷直接证明了这一反应 机理。因此，本论文所提出的反应机理和文献报道的通过醋酸锌和NoOH在水和乙醇 中反应的机理有本质的区别。而且本合成路线可以进一步拓展到其它金属醋酸盐和乙 醇之间发生的反应，从而发展成为一种通用的合成金属氧化物的新方法，如Mn3O4 CuO和CoO等，开辟了通过金属梭酸盐和脂肪醇反应合成氧化物纳米粒子这一新的研究课题。其次，通过简单的液相自组装方法，获得了由许多直径为150nm的氧化 锌棒组成的多足球状结构。提出了十六烷基三甲基嗅化钱（CTAB）调节的定向团聚 和孪晶化的自组装机理。再次，通过水热法合成出了不同形貌的氧化锌晶体，如六方 片状、薄片状和棒状。氧化锌晶体生长习性随着氢氧化钠的浓度的变化而改变。氧化 锌晶体形貌的演变可以由热力学和动力学来解释。通过改变NoOH的浓度可以调节氧 化锌的生长习性和形貌。最后，通过氧化钨和硫脉在水热条件下的化学反应，在较低 的温度条件下一步获得了不同结晶程度和形貌的二硫化钨纳米粒子。并发现pH值和 反应温度对二硫化钨纳米粒子的结晶度和形貌有非常重要的影响。一些有机小分子， 如冰醋酸、草酸和乙酞丙酮，对二硫化钨的形貌也产生重要的影响。 |
| 英文摘要 | Some novel research achievements have been made in regard with the synthesis of zinc oxide and tungsten disulfide nanoparticles and crystal growth. Firstly, a new reaction was developed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles with nearly uniform spherical morphologies and high dispersibility by esterification between zinc acetate and ethanol under solvothermal conditions. The reaction mechanism was directly verified by the existence of acetacetic ester in the finished reaction liquid. In this case the reaction mechanism is radically different from the reported reaction between zinc acetate and NaOH in aqueous and in ethanol solution. Additionally, this reaction can be extended to a versatile method to synthesize many other oxides, such as M113O4, CuO and CoO, by reaction between metal acetates and ethanol correspondingly. A new research subject of the synthesis of oxides nanoparticles by the reaction between metal carboxylates and alcohol is being initiated. Secondly, polypod sphere-like structures consisted of uniform zinc oxide rods about 150 nm in diameters were assembled by a simple solution route. A directed aggregation and twinning mechanism mediated by cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) was proposed for the self-assembly process. Thirdly, zinc oxide crystals with various morphologies, such as hexagonal pellets, flakes and rods were synthesized through a hydrothermal method. The growth habit of zinc oxide changed with the concentration of NaOH. The morphologies evolution of zinc oxide crystals can be explained by thermodynamics and kinetics. The growth habit and morphologies of zinc oxide can be manipulated by the concentration of NaOH. Finally, tungsten disulfide nanoparticles with various morphologies and crystallinities were also obtained by a one-step wet chemical reaction between tungsten oxide and thiourea under a lower temperature hydrothermal condition. The pH values and reaction temperature had profound influences on the tungsten disulfide nanoparticles crystallinities and morphologies. The presence of small organic molecules, such as glacial acetic acid, oxalic acid and acetylacetone, also affected the morphologies of tungsten disulfide greatly. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-16 |
| 页码 | 71 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1437]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杜红初. 氧化锌和二硫化钨纳米粒子的合成研究[D]. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 中国科学院过程工程研究所. 2004. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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