溶剂气浮法分离乙酸丁酯废水的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王森键 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2010-06-03 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 授予地点 | 北京 |
| 导师 | 刘会洲 ; 常志东 |
| 关键词 | 溶剂气浮 乙酸丁酯 气泡 |
| 其他题名 | Study on process of solvent sublation of butyl acetate in waste water |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 溶剂气浮是一种基于气泡的分离技术。具有一定表面活性或疏水性的溶质在水相中被吸附在气泡表面，然后被置于水相顶部的一层有机溶剂层所捕收。该技术具有很多优势，如较高的分离效率和较低的二次污染等。因此，这项技术已被广泛应用于许多领域。探索溶剂气浮过程中的传质机理并研究对特定体系适用的工艺参数，是为进一步应用奠定良好基础的重要工作。本文主要从气泡直径对乙酸丁酯废水溶剂气浮的影响展开，考察了小直径气泡在模拟体系和实际青霉素废水体系中的不同作用，并进行了初步的数学模拟计算。采用溶剂气浮法，对乙酸丁酯(BA)模拟废水(0.40%, φ)进行了分离研究。考察了气浮时间、气体体积流速、油水相体积比等对乙酸丁酯溶剂气浮分离效率的影响，重点考察了不同尺度的气泡对溶剂气浮过程的影响。结果表明，当油水体积相比为1:25时，气体流速为20 mL/min，平均直径为0.6 mm的气泡，并与气体流速为1.67 mL/min，平均直径为0.2 mm的气泡进行对比，两者气浮最终分离效率均可达到60%，但分离时间、总通气量及溶剂对水相的二次污染均有较大差别。对含乙酸丁酯的青霉素废水实际体系进行了溶剂气浮研究，考察了气浮时间、气体体积流速、油水相体积比等对分离效率的影响。结果表明，由于青霉素实际废水体系的复杂性，各种工艺参数在溶剂气浮乙酸丁酯模拟废水中的气浮规律尤其是小直径气泡的气浮规律，在实际体系中出现了较大变化。小直径气泡的分离效率出现了较大幅度的下降，气浮效果不如大气泡气浮。利用数学模型模拟计算了不同分离机理在乙酸丁酯模拟废水溶剂气浮过程中的作用。结果表明，乙酸丁酯模拟废水的溶剂气浮分离过程是各种机理综合作用的结果，适当改变工艺条件，可以使某些机理作用更加有利。 |
| 英文摘要 | Solvent sublation is a bubble-separation technique by which surface-active or hydrophobic species in aqueous phase are adsorbed on the bubble surfaces, and then collected in an organic layer placed on top of the aqueous phase. The technology has many advantages such as higher separation efficiency and lower secondary pollution. Therefore, this technique has been widely used in many fields. The mass transfer mechanism of solvent sublation process and the operation parameters of actual system are to lay a good foundation for further application. This thesis mainly analyzed the effect of bubble diameter on the solvent sublation separation of butyl acetate in waste water. The different roles of small diameter bubbles in the model system and actual penicillin wastewater were investigated, and a preliminary mathematical simulation was made. Separation of butyl acetate (BA) from the simulating wastewater (0.40%,φ) by solvent sublation into n-nonane was studied. The effects of operation variables, such as time, gas flow rate, volume ratio (n-nonane/wastewater) and the diameter of bubble on the sublation of BA were explored, among which the effect of bubble size was emphasized. The results indicated that the final separation efficiencies reached 60% under a gas flow rate of 1.67 mL/min and bubble diameter of 0.2 mm or another gas flow rate of 20 mL/min and the bubble diameter of 0.6 mm at the phase ratio of 1:25. The separation time, total gas volume and secondary pollution caused by n-nonane had a marked difference. The solvent sublation was used to separate BA in the wastewater of a penicillin plant. The effects of the sublation operating parameters in the real wastewater and the comparison with model wastewater in the both results were investigated. The behavior in the model wastewater, especially when using small bubbles, was quite different from that in the real system because of the complex composition of the latter. The different separation mechanisms for the solvent sublation of BA wastewater were tested by mathematical models. It showed that the BA wastewater solvent sublation separation was the combined result of several mechanisms, and appropriate changes in process conditions can make some mechanism play more beneficial role in the solvent sublation. |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-17 |
| 页码 | 66 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1513]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王森键. 溶剂气浮法分离乙酸丁酯废水的研究[D]. 北京. 中国科学院研究生院. 2010. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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