钛氧化物复合电极材料的制备与电化学性能研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 陈晓晓 |
| 学位类别 | 硕士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2011-05-28 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 谭强强 |
| 关键词 | 钛氧化物 活性炭 聚苯胺 复合电极材料 超级电容器 |
| 其他题名 | Study on Preparation and Electrochemical Properties of Titanium oxide Composite Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 超级电容器是一种介于传统电容器和电池之间的新型储能元件。与传统静电电容器相比，它具有更高的能量密度；与电池相比，它具有较高的功率密度。本文所制备的超级电容器用钛氧化物复合电极材料，具有制备工艺简单、能量密度高、功率密度高、充放电效率高和循环寿命长的特点，在电能存储领域具有广阔的市场前景和应用价值。 本研究主要采用低维钛氧化物与活性炭和聚苯胺掺杂的方法，制备具有优异电容性能的复合电极材料，并应用于超级电容器中，大大提高其在大电流密度下充放电的比电容和稳定性。以超声化学-水热复合法制备了二氧化钛纳米管/活性炭复合电极材料，其比电容接近40 F/g，比纯活性炭提高了50 %以上。 本文采用机械-超声混合法制备了TiO2（B）纳米线/活性炭复合电极材料。实验结果表明：当复合电极材料中TiO2（B）纳米线与活性炭的混合比例为6 mass %时，其放电比电容最高，为27 F/g，比纯活性炭提高8 %左右，并且具有稳定的高倍率充放电性能，这表明TiO2（B）纳米线的掺杂有利于电解液与活性炭形成更大面积的双电层结构。循环伏安扫描的测试结果表明，复合电极材料的双电层储能机理为典型的双电层特性，与活性炭电极材料相同。 以原位化学聚合法制备的珊瑚状形貌、尺寸均一的偏钛酸掺杂聚苯胺复合电极材料作为正极材料，活性炭作为负极材料，组装成非对称型超级电容器，并进行综合性能的分析测试。结果表明：该超级电容器的放电比电容达到90 F/g以上，比相同条件下制备的纯聚苯胺/活性炭超级电容器的比电容提高了约13 %；循环寿命由纯聚苯胺/活性炭超级电容器的400次提高到偏钛酸掺杂聚苯胺/活性炭超级电容器的2000次以上，在循环过程中比电容值一直稳定在初始值的90 %以上，具有实际应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要 | Supercapcitors have been recognized as unique energy storage devices which have higher energy density than conventional dielectric capacitors，and higher power density and longer cycle life than batteries, filling the gap between capacitors and batteries. The composite electrode materials studied in this work have good power densities, long cycle lives and can work well under high charge/discharge rates. Prepared by facile and economic ways we developed, these composite electrode materials could be used in supercapacitors and exhibited promising application potentials in many fields such as electric vehicles. The composite electrode materials were prepared by mixing the low dimension titanium oxide into/with activated carbon (AC) and polyaniline. These materials for supercapacitors have bigger capacity, much better rate capability and cycling stability under high discharge rate. The titanium dioxide nanotube/AC composite made by sonochemical-hydrothermal process was applied to the supercapacitors. The specific capacitance of the device was up to 40 F/g, about 50 % higher than the pure activated carbon used as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Ultrasonic mixing method was adopted to prepare the TiO2 (B) nanowire/AC composite. When the mass percentage of TiO2 (B) nanowire in AC was 6 %, the prepared composite showed the best electrochemical properties. It has a mass specific capacitance of 27 F/g, about 8 % higher than the pure activated carbon. Better cycling stability under high discharge rate was observed in such composite electrode materials. The cyclic voltammetry tests showed that the energy storage mechanism of the assembled supercapacitor using TiO2 (B) nanowire/AC composite as electrode was a double layer characteristic, the same as AC supercapacitor. A coral shape and uniform size material was obtained through in situ chemical polymerization process which made metatitanic acid doping into polyaniline. The supercapacitor assembled by using such material as anode and AC as cathode reached a mass specific capacitance of 90 F/g, about 13 % higher than the pure polyaniline as the anode in the same condition. Its cycle life was above 2000 times with over 90 % mass specific capacitance of the first cycle, much longer than the pure polyaniline supercapacitor, whose cycle life was about 400 times. It obviously showed better cycling stability. These statitics indicate that this composite material has practical application value. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-23 |
| 页码 | 83 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1693]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈晓晓. 钛氧化物复合电极材料的制备与电化学性能研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 2011. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
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