水溶性蛋白质/表面活性剂混合体系起泡机理的研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 魏晓芳 |
| 学位类别 | 博士 |
| 答辩日期 | 2001-06 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院研究生院 |
| 导师 | 刘会洲 |
| 关键词 | 气/液界面 蛋白质 表面活性剂 荧光光谱 表面张力 傅立叶变换 拉曼光谱 |
| 其他题名 | Studies on foaming mechanism of water-soluble protein/surfactant mixtures |
| 学位专业 | 化学工艺 |
| 中文摘要 | 该论文主要以牛血清白蛋白（BSA）为模型蛋白，使用荧光光谱、傅立叶变换拉曼光谱、表面张力等实验手段，较为系统地研究了蛋白质及蛋白质/表面活性剂混合体系中蛋白质结构的变化、蛋白质-表面活性剂之间的相互作用和蛋白南、表面活性剂在气/液界面的吸附行为.通过摇瓶法250L╯hakingtests）和鼓泡法（bubbling）对蛋白质、蛋白质/表面活性剂混合体系进行泡沫性能的评价.借助泡沫分离法研究了离子型表面活性剂和蛋白质混合体系中两种表面活性物质的富集行为.研究结果不仅提高了对蛋白质和蛋白质/表面活性剂混合体系稳定界面的机理的认识。 |
| 英文摘要 | The salts and oxides of magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium are important industrial inorganic chemicals. Research of solvent extraction of these elements mostly are for chemical analysis and hydrometallurgical purification, while those for improving the quality of inorganic salts and technological flow sheet are very scarce. As a separation method, solvent extraction is widely applied in industrial processes of separation and purification. However, the reaction - extraction coupled processes, which make reaction go farther by removing one component in aqueous phase into organic phase with solvent extraction hardly appear in literature. The extraction behavior of alkaline earth metal by alkylphosphorous acids was investigated systematically in this thesis. It is also focused on the kinetic and thermodynamic behaviors of the coupled process in the gas - organic phase -aqueous phase - solid four-phase system, providing theoretical basis for the improvement of the strontium carbonate producing process. The following topics are covered in thjs dissertation: 1. Extraction of alkaline earth metals in chloride solutions with alkylphosphorous acids. The extraction of DEHPA EHEHPA and DTMPPA is similar and the selective orders are Ca2+>Sr2+>Ba2+, which is determined by e/r and the hydration energy. Extractability decreases with the extractant acidity. Through IR analysis, the interaction between the main group metal ions and P=O of DEHPA is much weaker than that with transitional metal ions. The separation order becomes Ca2+"Sr2+>Ba2+>Mg2+ after adding TBP and TOPO, both having a strong synergism to Ca , which are adducted with the extracts through hydrogen bonds. The extracts are CaA2 o 2HA o 2TBP , SrA2 o 4HA o TBP , BaA2 o 4HA o TBP and SrA2 o 4HA -TOPO, BaA2 o 4HA o TOPO, respectively. 2. Extraction of alkaline earth metals in sulfide solution with tertiary carboxylic acid by Neo Acid 910. Different from that of alkylphosphorous acids, this is beneficial for the separation of Ba2+ from Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+. Extraction efficiency of strontium in sulfide solution produced by leaching of carbon reduction residue from celestite could be up to 99%, when aqueous equilibrium pH was higher than 10. 3.The coupled process of reaction of CO2 and Sr(NO3)2 (or SrCl2) with the simultaneous extraction of produced HNO3 (or HC1). It was found that the higher the polarity of the diluent, the higher yield of strontium carbonate, and iso-pentanol was chosen as the diluent. The isotherms of extraction and stripping of nitric acid with tertiary amine N235 in iso-pentanol have been determined. The mechanism of nitric acid extraction is ion - pair formation and the extraction equilibrium constant is 1.5 x 106 (mol/L)"1. Salting shows out strong effect on the acid extraction. The mass transfer and kinetics of the reaction-extraction process have been discussed based on the double -layer theory and it was determined that the adsorption of CO2 is the rate-controlling step, and it can be expressed as ln-^- = k1(t2-t1)- The determined equilibrium constant 21.9 is closed to the ci calculated constant 40, and also thermodynamic parameters AH=58.4kJ/mol, AG=- 7.65 kJ/mol, AS=0.22 kJ/(mol-K) are calculated according to the experimental results. The equilibrium has been determined under CO2 pressure of 0.1-4OxlO5 Pa. The high pressure not only increased the yield of strontium carbonate, but also shortened the time for reaching equilibrium. The stripping acid can be concentrated by the " pressure swing ". When the quantity of strontium nitrate was less than that of N235 and there was CO2 in atmosphere, all Sr2+ could be transferred to SrCO3 and fulfilled the coupling process. A new flow sheet for production of strontium carbonate has been suggested, with which the consumption of raw materials and energy are much less than the current process. |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 公开日期 | 2013-09-26 |
| 页码 | 144 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.ipe.ac.cn/handle/122111/1903]  |
| 专题 | 过程工程研究所_研究所（批量导入） |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 魏晓芳. 水溶性蛋白质/表面活性剂混合体系起泡机理的研究[D]. 中国科学院研究生院. 2001. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：过程工程研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。