精神分裂症患者与分裂型特质群体的谷氨酸水平与社会认知的 相关研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 陈思宇 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈楚侨 |
| 关键词 | 精神分裂症 分裂型特质 谷氨酸 心理理论 共情 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 基础心理学 |
| 其他题名 | A correlational study between glutamatergic levels and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia and individuals with schizotypy |
| 中文摘要 | Social cognition refers to how people think about themselves and others in the social world, which is considered to be the mental operations that underlie social interactions. Previous studies have shown that patients with schizophrenia exhibit extensive social cognitive impairments. These social cognitive impairments have detrimental impact upon their social function and prognosis. However, the current pharmacological and psychological interventions have limited effect to improve these impairments. According to the "glutamate hypothesis", social cognitive impairments of patients with schizophrenia may be due to the altered glutamatergic function in the brain. Studies using "magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)" have provided ample evidence of the correlation of glutamate level with neurocognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the correlation between glutamate level and social cognition in this clinical group. On the other hand, individuals with schizotypy have been considered to be the subclinical group across the spectrum of schizophrenia. These individuals have been found to exhibit similar but a milder extent of social cognitive impairments comparing to schizophrenia patients. Study of individuals with schizotypy thus provides us a unique opportunity to get rid of the confounding effect of antipsychotic medication upon the observed social cognitive functions in patients with schizophrenia. It also helps us to examine and test whether the glutamate hypothesis has been presence in these at-risk individuals for schizophrenia. This dissertation comprised two studies examining the correlation between glutamate level and social cognition in patients with schizophrenia and individuals with schizotypy. Study 1 examined the glutamate level in anterior cingulate cortex and its correlation with social cognition in 40 patients with schizophrenia and 37 healthy controls. Twenty-two patients and 25 healthy controls further completed social cognition (empathy and theory of mind) tasks. The results showed that the glutamate and glutamine levels did not differ between patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. However, the glutamine level was negatively correlated with the score of cognitive theory of mind in schizophrenia patients, while the glutamine level was negatively correlated with affective empathy score in healthy controls. Study 2 examined the glutamate level in anterior cingulate cortex and its correlation with social cognition in 36 participants with high level of schizotypy and 35 participants with low level of schizotypy. All participants completed social cognition (empathy and theory of mind) tasks. The results showed that the glutamate levels did not differ between participants with high and low levels of schizotypy. However, the glutamate level was negatively correlated with the score of cognitive theory of mind in participants with high level of schizotypy, while there was no significant correlation between glutamate level and social cognition in participants with low level of schizotypy. In conclusion, the present findings suggested there were negative correlations between the glutamate level in anterior cingulate cortex and cognitive theory of mind in both patients with schizophrenia and individuals with high level of schizotypy. These findings support the role of glutamatergic system in social cognition in both patients with schizophrenia and individuals with high level of schizotypy. |
| 英文摘要 | 社会认知是指在社会环境中个人如何看待自己和他人，被认为是社会交往活动的心理基础。研究表明，精神分裂症患者存在着广泛的社会认知缺陷，这些社会认知缺陷严重影响患者的社会功能和预后。但是，现有的药物和心理干预手段对其改善效果十分有限。根据“谷氨酸假说”，精神分裂症患者的社会认知缺陷可能是其脑内的谷氨酸功能异常的结果。磁共振波谱成像研究提供的丰富证据表明精神分裂症患者的谷氨酸水平与神经认知存在相关。然而，目前尚缺乏研究在这一临床群体中探究谷氨酸水平与社会认知的关系。 另一方面，分裂型特质群体被认为是精神分裂症谱系中的亚临床群体。这些人群表现出与精神分裂症患者相似的但程度较轻的社会认知缺陷。对分裂型特质群体的研究有助于排除药物治疗的影响，这些因素往往会影响对精神分裂症患者的社会认知功能的研究。同时也有助于考察谷氨酸假说是否适用于这些精神分裂症的高危人群。本论文包括两个研究，分别探讨精神分裂症患者和分裂型特质群体的谷氨酸水平与社会认知的关系。 研究一在 40 名精神分裂症患者和 37 名健康对照中探究了前扣带回谷氨酸水平及其与社会认知的关系。其中 22 名患者和 25 名健康对照接受了社会认知（共情和心理理论）测评。结果发现虽然精神分裂症患者与健康对照相比不存在前扣带回谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺水平的差异，但患者前扣带回的谷氨酰胺水平与认知心理理论表现存在负相关，而健康对照组的谷氨酰胺水平与情感共情分数存在负相关。 研究二在 36 名高分裂型特质个体和 35 名低分裂型特质个体中探究了前扣带回的谷氨酸水平及其与社会认知的关系。所有被试都接受了社会认知（共情和心理理论）测评。结果发现虽然高、低分裂型特质群体不存在前扣带回的谷氨酸水平的差异，但高分裂型特质群体的谷氨酸水平与认知心理理论的表现存在负相关，而低分裂型特质组中没有发现谷氨酸水平与社会认知存在显著相关。 综上所述，本研究表明精神分裂症患者与高分裂型特质群体的前扣带回谷氨酸水平与认知心理理论表现存在负相关。这样的发现支持了谷氨酸系统在精神分裂症患者与高分裂型特质群体的社会认知中的作用。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43118]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 陈思宇. 精神分裂症患者与分裂型特质群体的谷氨酸水平与社会认知的 相关研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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