孤独症谱系障碍的内感觉研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 杨晗雪 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 博士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈楚侨 |
| 关键词 | 孤独症谱系障碍 孤独特质 内感觉 外感觉 感觉整合 |
| 学位名称 | 理学博士 |
| 学位专业 | 认知神经科学 |
| 其他题名 | Interoception in autism spectrum disorders |
| 中文摘要 | Interoception refers to the attention to and conscious awareness of the bodilymilieu, including the ability to process, integrate and regulate internal signals.Interoception consists of three dimensions, namely “interoceptive accuracy (IA)”,“interoceptivesensitivity”and“interoceptiveawareness”.Thisnaturalpsychophysical function is the premise to develop self-awareness and carry outsocialcommunication.Recently,severaltheorieshavebeenpositedthatinteroceptive atypicality may be a pathological factor for autism spectrum disorders(ASD). Nevertheless, few studies have investigated the phenomenal manifestationsand neural mechanism of interoception in ASD. Of the limited studies, the extantliterature reveals inconsistent results. The relationship between neurodiversity ofinteroception, alexithymia, and sub-clinical autistic traits is yet to be determined.Therefore, we have conducted four studies to systematically investigate interoceptiveatypicality of ASD individuals at both behavioural and neural levels. We examinedthethree-dimensionalinteroceptionandinteroceptive-exteroceptivesensoryintegration in both clinical and subclinical participants, and established relationshipsbetween autistic traits, interoception, alexithymia, and empathy. Study 1 examined the intercorrelations between interoceptive sensibility,autistic,alexithymic,empathic,andself-relatedtraitsin1360non-clinicalindividuals (aged 15-52 yrs) using network analysis. The resultant network, whichshowed reasonable stability and test–retest consistency, revealed patterns connectingautistic traits to interoceptive sensibility, empathy, alexithymia, and self-awareness.The node of alexithymia exhibited the highest centrality and expected influence. Thehigh-autistic subgroup exhibited lower interoceptive sensibility than the low-autisticsubgroup. Study 2 examined multidimentional interoception in a sample of 114neurotypical college students (aged 18-22 yrs) with high or low autistic traits. All participantscompletedthe“Eye-trackingInteroceptiveAccuracyTaskandself-report questionnaires. Results supported the positive association betweenautistic traitsandalexithymia,butdidnotsupporttheirassociationwithmultidimensional interoception. In the second part of the study, we administered thesame task to 50 children with ASD, and 63 typically developing (TD) controls withhigh and low levels of autistic traits (aged 6-13 yrs). Children with ASD exhibitedatypical cardiac interoception. Moreover, TD children with high level of autistictraits also exhibited diminished IA compared with children with low level of autistictraits. Study 3 adopted resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) approach toexamine the neural correlates of multidimensional interoception in 62 young adults(aged 18-27 yrs). In particular, it aimed to explore the associations betweenfunctional connectivity of interoception and autistic traits. We found rsFC betweenthe dorsal posterior insula, the left supplementary motor area, and right middlecingulum correlated positively with interoceptive accuracy, and rsFC between thelateral ventral anterior insula, the left middle occipital gyrus, and the rightcerebellum correlated positively with interoceptive sensibility. Autistic traits weresignificantly corelated with wide range of rsFC within the interoceptive brainnetwork, including the insula, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the amygdala. Study 4 examined the interoception performances in 119 typically-developingadults (aged 18-22 yrs) using the Interoception-Exteroception SynchronicityJudgement (IESJ) task. Participants with low level of autistic traits showedcomparable interoceptive accuracy, exteroceptive accuracy, and balancing scorescompared with participants with high level of traits. Moreover, higher level ofalexithymia was also correlated with lower interoceptive accuracy and interoceptivesensibility.Taken together, the present findings demonstrated atypical interoception in bothclinical and subclinical ASD individuals at both behavioural and neural levels.Moreover, atypical interoception also correlated with alexithymia and socialcognition in these two groups. These findings have important implications for understandingsensoryatypicalityofinteroceptioninASD,andhintoninteroception’s potentiality for diagnostic and screening purposes, as well as thedevelopment of treatment regime for ASD. |
| 英文摘要 | 内感觉是个体对身体内部感觉信号觉察、编码、整合和调节的生理机能，分为准确性、敏感度和自知力三个维度，是人们发展自我意识、进行社会交往的基础。近来有理论提出，孤独症谱系障碍（ASD）患者的内感觉异常是其起病机制之一。然而目前尚无研究从自我报告、行为表现与神经机制层面，以精神疾病的连续体视角，考察临床和亚临床 ASD 人群的内感觉。孤独特质与内感觉、述情障碍之间的关系也无一致结论。因此，本论文将通过四个研究，系统考察临床与亚临床 ASD 人群内感觉三维度的行为表现和神经机制，测量高-低孤独特质人群的内外感觉整合能力，并探究孤独特质、内感觉、述情障碍与共情能力之间的关系。 研究一在 1360 名健康被试（年龄范围 15-52 岁）中进行问卷调查，通过网络分析探究内感觉敏感度与孤独特质、述情障碍、共情能力以及自我意识之间的相关模式。结果发现，网络分析所构建的节点网络具有良好稳定性和内在一致性，内感觉敏感度与孤独特质和述情障碍存在负相关、而与共情能力和自我意识水平之间存在正相关，述情障碍是网络中最重要的节点。此外，高孤独特质组的内感觉敏感度显著低于低孤独特质组。 研究二采用“心跳眼动内感觉任务”，对比了高-低孤独特质成年人（共 114人，年龄范围 18-22 岁）的内感觉能力，结果发现成年亚临床高孤独特质群体的内感觉三维度与低孤独特质组相比并无显著差异。内感觉敏感度与共情能力显著正相关，而和述情障碍显著负相关。然后，研究二还探究了 50 名临床 ASD儿童与 63 名具有高-低孤独特质的典型发育（TD）儿童（年龄范围 6-13 岁）在内感觉准确性上的差异。结果发现，ASD 儿童的内感觉准确性显著低于 TD 儿童，亚临床高孤独特质儿童也表现出内感觉准确性的异常降低。 研究三以 62 名健康成年人（年龄范围 18-27 岁）为对象，考察与内感觉准确性和敏感度有关的静息态脑功能连接，并探究孤独特质与内感觉神经机制之间的关系。结果发现，右侧背外侧岛叶与左侧辅助运动区、右侧中扣带回之间的功能连接越强，内感觉准确性越高；右侧腹外侧岛叶与左侧枕中回、右侧小脑之间的功能连接越强，内感觉敏感度越高。孤独特质亦与以岛叶、前扣带回和杏仁核为主的内感觉脑网络的功能连接强度显著相关。 研究四在前三个研究的基础之上，以 119 名健康成年人（年龄范围 18-22岁）为研究对象，采用“内外感觉时间同步性判断任务”，在亚临床高-低孤独特质组之间探索了孤独特质水平与内外感觉注意倾向之间的关系。结果显示，高孤独特质组与低孤独特质组之间，在内感觉准确性、外感觉准确性和平衡分数上均无显著差异。述情障碍则与内感觉准确性、内感觉敏感度存在显著负相关。 综上，本研究从连续体视角出发，发现临床与亚临床 ASD 人群的内感觉存在不同程度的异常。此外，本研究还探索了内感觉与孤独特质、以及孤独症患者中常见的述情障碍、共情缺损之间的关系，并初步揭示了内感觉脑网络的神经机制，为今后将内感觉作为孤独症谱系障碍的诊断筛查手段，以及开发与内感觉相关的行为干预训练提供了理论基础。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43168]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 杨晗雪. 孤独症谱系障碍的内感觉研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
浏览0
下载0
收藏0
其他版本
除非特别说明，本系统中所有内容都受版权保护，并保留所有权利。