主动欺骗下金钱奖赏对 P300 测谎有效性的影响
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 代璐瑶 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-05 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 刘 烨 |
| 关键词 | 主动欺骗 金钱奖赏 复杂试次范式（CTP） P300 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The Influence of Monetary Reward on the Effectiveness of P300 Deception Detection Under Intentional Deception |
| 中文摘要 | Deception is a complex cognitive activity that often appears in daily life. A largenumber of studies have shown that deception will produce physiological clues differentfrom telling the truth. These differences are reflected in the autonomic nervous systemand central nervous system, and the brain activities induced by active deception andpassive deception are also different. In the laboratory environment, the subjectiveintention of deception is generally manipulated by money reward. However, the passivedeception paradigm mainly used in the previous research based on P300 deceptiondetection can not well induce the subjective intention of deception, and the ecologicalvalidity is low. Therefore, it is necessary to adopt the experimental paradigm ofinducing subjective deception intention to further investigate the effectiveness of P300deception detection. In this study, the combination of a mock crime paradigm and complex trialprotocol (CTP) was used to operate the subjects' subjective deception intention throughmonetary reward. Under the condition of subjects' intentional deception, the effects ofdifferent ways and intensity of monetary reward on the effectiveness of P300 deceptiondetection were investigated through EEG Technology. This study includes two ERPStudies (including three ERP experiments). Study 1 used the mock crime paradigm and CTP paradigm to investigate theimpact of reward on P300 in the CTP paradigm. Experiment 1 mainly investigated theP300 difference between "the innocent", "the guilty", and "the informed innocent"without feedback; The results showed that there was no significant difference in probeP300 and irrelevant P300 between the guilty group and the informed innocent group,but the CIT effect was significantly greater than that between the informed innocentgroup and the innocent group, which indicated that the processing degree of probestimulation may be different between the guilty and the informed innocent. Experiment2 mainly investigated the difference of P300 between "the guilty" and "the informedinnocent" based on single-trial feedback.; The results showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups of probe P300, but there were significantdifferences in CIT effect and CNV, suggesting that cognitive load may affect thescreening of guilty and informed innocent people. Through the analysis of thedifferences between experiment 1 and experiment 2, the effects of the two rewardmethods on P300 in the CTP paradigm were compared. The results show that the CITeffect of the guilty group and the informed innocent group in Experiment 1 issignificantly higher than that of the guilty group and the informed innocent group inExperiment 2, which shows that the reward methods can affect the CIT effect in theCTP paradigm. Study 2 used the same mock crime paradigm and CTP paradigm as study 1 toinvestigate the impact of monetary reward and punishment intensity on P300.Experiment 3 manipulated the reward and punishment intensity by changing the rewardand punishment amount. Through the analysis of the difference between the two groups,the difference of P300 under the two reward and punishment intensities was compared.The results showed that the difference of CIT effect between the two groups and thedifference of CNV on the two stimuli showed that the reward and punishment intensitymay affect the CIT effect by affecting the cognitive load of the subjects. By exploring the influence of money reward on the effectiveness of P300 liedetection under the condition of active deception, this study can enrich and improvethe relevant theoretical basis of P300 lie detection, help to further improve theeffectiveness of deception detection, and make it better used as an auxiliary tool in thefield of the criminal investigation. |
| 英文摘要 | 欺骗是一种日常生活中经常出现的复杂的认知活动。已有大量研究表明，欺骗发生时会产生与说真话不同的生理线索，这些差异在自主神经系统和中枢神经系统上均有体现，且主动欺骗和被动欺骗诱发的脑区活动也有所不同。在实验室环境中，欺骗的主观意图一般由金钱奖赏进行操纵，然而以往基于 P300测谎的研究中主要采用的被动欺骗范式并不能很好地诱发欺骗的主观意图，生态效度较低。因此，有必要采用诱发主观欺骗意图的实验范式来进一步考察P300 测谎的有效性。本研究采用模拟犯罪范式和复杂试次范式（Complex Trial Protocol，CTP）相结合的方法，通过金钱奖赏操作被试的主观欺骗意图，在被试主动欺骗的条件下，通过脑电技术，考察不同金钱奖赏方式和强度对脑电成分 P300 测谎有效性的影响。本研究包括两项 ERP 研究（含 3 个 ERP 实验）。 研究一采用模拟犯罪范式和 CTP 范式考察奖赏方式对 CTP 范式中 P300 的影响。实验 1 主要考察无反馈条件下，“无辜者”、“犯罪者”和“知情无辜者”的P300 差异；结果显示，犯罪组和知情无辜组的两刺激 P300 差异显著，且犯罪组的 CIT 效应显著大于知情无辜组和无辜组，这表明，犯罪者和知情无辜者对探针刺激的加工程度可能不同。实验 2 主要考察基于单试次反馈条件下，“犯罪者”和“知情无辜者”的 P300 的差异；结果发现，犯罪组和知情无辜组两刺激 P300差异均显著，，且 CIT 效应（p-p）差异显著，CIT 效应（平均）差异不显著，犯罪组和知情无辜组两刺激 CNV 均存在显著差异，而 CNV 与认知负荷有关，这表明，认知负荷可能会影响对于犯罪者和知情无辜者的甄别。通过对实验 1 和实验 2 的组间差异分析，比较两种奖赏方式对 CTP 范式中 P300 的影响，结果显示，实验 1 中的犯罪组和知情无辜组的 CIT 效应均显著高于实验 2 中的犯罪组和知情无辜组的 CIT 效应，这表明，奖赏方式可对 CTP 范式中的 CIT 效应产生影响。 研究二采用与研究一相同的模拟犯罪范式和 CTP 范式考察金钱奖惩强度对P300 的影响。实验 3 通过改变奖惩额度，操纵奖惩强度，通过与实验 2 的组间差异分析，比较两种奖惩强度下的 P300 的差异，结果发现，实验 3 犯罪组两刺激 P300 差异显著，而知情无辜组两刺激 P300 差异不显著，两组 CIT 效应差异显著，两组两刺激 CNV 差异不显著，但两知情无辜组探针和无关 CNV 差值的差异显著，这表明，奖惩强度可能通过影响被试的认知负荷，从而对 CIT 效应产生影响。 本研究通过探究金钱奖赏对主动欺骗条件下，基于 P300 测谎有效性的影响，可以丰富和完善 P300 测谎的相关理论基础，有助于进一步提高欺骗检测的有效性，使其可以更好地作为辅助工具在刑侦领域进行应用。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43176]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_认知与发展心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 代璐瑶. 主动欺骗下金钱奖赏对 P300 测谎有效性的影响[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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