抑郁青少年非自杀性自伤行为心理模型及家庭支持研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 李传晓
|
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 张向阳 |
| 关键词 | 青少年 非自杀性自伤 抑郁 社会支持 家庭功能 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | A study on the psychological model of non-suicidal self-injury behavior and family support in depressed adolescents |
| 中文摘要 | As society progresses and people's lives become more and more stressful,depression is becoming an important factor affecting people's health and ischaracterized by a low age. Adolescent depression has become one of the mostimportant disorders in psychiatric hospitals. Moreover, the prevalence of non-suicidalself-injury (NSSI) in depressed adolescent is high. Non-suicidal self-injury not onlycauses serious psychological trauma and physical injury to adolescents, but alsobrings great grief to families. However, it is still unclear that the current status ofNSSI in depressed adolescents in mainland China and the psychological mechanismsbehind, and the treatment of this behavior in psychiatric hospitals is still in its infancyand lacks theoretical support. In order to alleviate this situation and provide assistancefor the mental health of depressed adolescents, three studies were conducted in thisstudy. The purpose of Study 1 was to understand the current prevalence of NSSI amongdepressed adolescents in mainland China and the factors influencing them.Participants were drawn from 710 depressed adolescents from 17 psychiatric hospitalsin mainland China who were diagnosed by psychiatrists as having depression, bipolardisorder depressive episode, and depressive states according to the DSM-5. In thisstudy, the Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation (FASM) was used to measureNSSI, and participants were divided into NSSI and non NSSI groups based on thepresence or absence of NSSI within 12 months. The results showed that there weresignificant differences between the two groups of participants in terms of age, genderand years of education. Rumination scores and stress scores were significantly andpositively correlated with NSSI scores. Social support (high social support) andgender (man) emerged as protective factors for NSSI. Among them, family support insocial support and symptom rumination in rumination became influential factors forNSSI. The purpose of study 2 was to investigate the mechanisms of the role ofpsychological variables in NSSI and to develop a psychological model. Participantswere the same as in Study 1. We conducted a pathway analysis of stress on NSSI andexplored the role of rumination and social support. The results showed that ruminationmediated the effect of stress on NSSI and social support moderated the effect of stresson NSSI. Low to moderate levels of social support significantly moderated the effectsof stress on NSSI. Family support can have a direct effect on NSSI. The purpose of Study 3 was to explore family factors that influence theemergence of NSSI in depressed adolescents. Participants including depressedadolescent and their parent. The study was conducted with depressed adolescentsfocused on measuring the severity of NSSI, parental marital satisfaction, parent-childrelationship, and family functioning. The results showed that parental maritalsatisfaction and parent-child relationship were negatively associated with children'sNSSI. Family functioning was a protective factor for NSSI, and the degree of familyharmony affected NSSI. In summary, this study concludes that (1) the current prevalence of NSSI amongdepressed adolescents in mainland China is 87.1%, and social support, gender, andrumination are influential factors of NSSI; (2) stress can influence NSSI throughrumination, and social support can moderate the effect of stress on NSSI; (3) thedegree of family function influences adolescent's NSSI. |
| 英文摘要 | 社会的进步人们的生活压力越来越大，抑郁越来越成为影响人们健康的重要因素，而且表现出低龄化的特征。青少年抑郁已经成为精神专科医院重点关注的病情之一，与抑郁伴随发生的还有高非自杀性自伤行为（non-suicidal self-injury，NSSI）发生率。非自杀性自伤行为不仅给青少年带来了严重的心理创伤和身体伤害，同时给家庭也带了重大悲痛。但是，目前关于中国大陆抑郁青少年非自杀性自伤行为的现状以及出现该行为的心理机制仍不清楚，在精神专科医院对于该行为的治疗仍处于起步阶段，缺少理论支持。为了缓解这样的局面，为抑郁青少年的心理健康提供帮助，本研究设计了三个研究进行系统梳理和分析。 研究一的目的是了解当前中国大陆抑郁青少年出现非自杀性自伤行为的发生率和影响因素。被试来自于大陆 17 家精神专科医院心理科 710 名抑郁青少年病人，他们被精神专科医生依据 DSM-5 诊断为抑郁症、双相情感障碍抑郁发作期和抑郁状态。本研究使用自伤功能性评估问卷（Functional Assessment of Self-Mutilation ，FASM）对被试的自伤情况进行测量，依据一年内是否出现非自杀性自伤行为将被试分为有 NSSI 组和无 NSSI 组。结果显示，两组被试在年龄、性别和受教育年限存在显著差异。反刍思维得分和压力得分与 NSSI 得分存在显著正相关。社会支持（高社会支持）和性别（男性）成为 NSSI 的保护因素。其中社会支持的中家庭支持和反刍思维中的症状反刍成为 NSSI 的影响因素。 研究二的目的是探究心理变量在 NSSI 中的作用机制，建立心理模型。被试与研究一相同，主要进行压力到 NSSI 的路径分析，探究反刍思维和社会支持在其中的作用。结果显示，反刍思维在压力影响 NSSI 中起到了中介作用，社会支持在压力影响 NSSI 中起到调节作用。中低水平的社会支持能够显著调节压力对 NSSI 的影响。家庭支持可以直接对 NSSI 产生负向影响。 研究三的目的是探索家庭因素中影响抑郁青少年出现非自杀性自伤行为的因素。被试为抑郁青少年和他们的父母，主要测量抑郁青少年非自杀性自伤行为的严重程度、父母的婚姻满意度、亲子关系和家庭功能。结果显示，父母的婚姻满意度和亲子关系与子女的 NSSI 呈负相关。家庭功能是 NSSI 的保护因素，家庭和谐程度会影响 NSSI。 综上所述，本研究的结论是：（1）当前中国大陆抑郁青少年出现非自杀性自伤行为的发生率是 87.1%，社会支持、性别和反刍思维是 NSSI 的影响因素；（2）压力可以通过反刍思维对 NSSI 产生影响，社会支持能够调节压力对 NSSI的影响；（3）家庭的和谐程度会影响孩子的非自杀性自伤行为。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43185]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 李传晓. 抑郁青少年非自杀性自伤行为心理模型及家庭支持研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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