正念对中国超重和肥胖成人的减重效应研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘欣雅 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 罗非 |
| 关键词 | 正念 减重 干预 元分析 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | The effect of Mindfulness on Weight Loss in Chinese Overweight and Obese Adults |
| 中文摘要 | Background: The overweight and obese population in China has grown rapidly over the past 40 years, with more than half of adults now overweight or obese. Overweight and obesity do harm to the physical and mental health of individuals and cause a burden on the national economic development, which has become an important public health problem in China. The "Healthy China 2030" plan outlined the action target of "by 2030 is the growth rate of overweight and obese population will significantly slow down" is clearly stated. There were a lot of weight loss interventions and research, mainly in order to strengthen the behavior of diet and exercise control is given priority to, is effective in helping to lose weight. However, lacking of the combination of physical, psychological and social factors, make it difficult to keep effective weight management for a long time. As a result, the long-term impact is weak, overweight and obesity is still increasing, hence leading to rising cost for treatments. Objective: Since effective weight management requires continuous self- monitoring of weight and food intake, increased attention to internal physiological signals, and increased awareness of external cues that cause bad eating behaviors such as binge eating, studies have suggested using mindfulness to help with weight loss. Currently, there are many mindfulness-based intervention methods for weight loss. Due to practical reasons, there is no comparisons between the effects of different mindfulness-based intervention methods in the intervention of overweight and obese healthy adults, which leads to little understanding on which mindfulness-based intervention has better weight loss effect. The research on weight loss with mindfulness has just started in China, which includes only one review and no empirical study on weight loss with mindfulness. There is a lack of understanding of the weight loss effect of using mindfulness to intervene in overweight and obese people in China, and the weight loss effect of using mindfulness to intervene in Chinese overweight and obese people. There is also a great need to develop relevant tools to measure weight loss with mindfulness in China. Given the above problems, this thesis carried out three studies. Methods: This study first used a Bayesian network meta-analysis to compare the effects of different mindfulness-based weight loss interventions. Second, the current mindfulness weight loss questionnaires were revised to verify their reliability and validity. Afterwards, a 3×3 randomized controlled experiment was used to compare the effects of the new mindfulness group, the time-restricted feeding group, and the blank control group on weight loss. Results: The meta-analysis results of study 1 showed that traditional Mindfulness therapy and Mindful eating awareness training (MB-EAT) were better than the active control group or blank/small intervention group. The probability of weight loss using mindful eating awareness training was the highest, followed by traditional mindfulness therapy. The results of study 2 showed that the Mindful Eating Behavior Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Weight and Practice Quality Mindfulness Questionnaire had good reliability and validity, and were suitable for measuring the mindfulness eating skills, weight related experiential avoidance and the quality of each mindfulness exercise of the Chinese population. Study2 was explored for the study 3 whether mindfulness weight loss intervention effectively improved mindfulness eating skills, it reduces the empirical avoidance behavior related to weight and provides a tool to investigate the relationship between the practice quality and weight loss. Study 3 explored the differences in psychological and behavioral indicators among different weight groups in China and made a new mindfulness weight loss intervention program to understand the weight loss effect of the new mindfulness weight loss intervention program on overweight and obese adults in China through empirical research. The results of the randomized controlled trial showed that the new mindfulness group was significantly better than the time-restricted feeding group and the blank control group in terms of changes in BMI, weight loss rate and weight change, and the new mindfulness group had more improvements in several secondary indicators than the time-restricted feeding group and the blank control group. Conclusion: The above results show that: 1 In order to obtain better weight loss effect, we can give priority to Mindful eating awareness training when choosing or developing a mindfulness weight loss intervention programs. 2 The revised Mindfulness Eating Behavior Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire for Weight and Practice Quality Mindfulness Questionnaire are applicable to the Chinese population. 3 The new mindfulness weight loss intervention program can effectively help Chinese overweight and obese adults lose weight, and improve the quality of mindfulness practice each time will help to improve the mindfulness traits and mindful eating behavior. |
| 英文摘要 | 研究背景：我国超重和肥胖人口在过去 40 年里迅速增长，目前已有超过一半的成年人处于超重或肥胖的状态。超重和肥胖不但危害个体的身心健康水平，还会给国家的经济发展造成负担，成为重要的公共卫生问题。目前，我国在《“健康中国 2030”规划纲要》中明确提出“到 2030 年，超重、肥胖人口增长速度明显放缓”的行动目标。 目前关于减重的干预和研究主要以加强对饮食和锻炼的行为控制为主，在减重方面是有效的，但因忽视生理、心理与社会因素的综合作用，难以在较长时间内保持有效的体重管理，对减重的长期影响微弱，导致超重和肥胖率仍然不断增加，治疗费用也在不断上升。 研究目的：由于有效的体重管理需要持续地对体重和食物摄入进行自我监控，提高个体对内在生理信号的注意，并增强对引起暴饮暴食等不良进食行为的外部线索的觉察，已有研究建议使用正念来帮助减重。目前国际上基于正念的减重干预方法已有多种，但存在以下问题：首先，缺少不同正念干预方法间的直接效应比较，对哪种正念干预减重效应更好仍缺乏了解。其次，国内缺乏正念减重的测评工具，限制了正念减重研究的进行。第三，缺乏正念减重的实证研究，对使用正念干预我国超重和肥胖人群的减重效应缺乏了解。针对以上问题本论文开展了三个研究。 研究方法：本研究首先采用贝叶斯网络元分析法比较不同正念减重法的干预效应。其次，对目前的正念减重问卷进行修订，并验证信效度。之后采用 3×3的随机对照实验，比较新正念组与限时进食组、空白对照组在减重方面的效应。 研究结果：研究一的元分析结果显示，相比于积极对照组或空白/小干预对照组，传统正念疗法与正念饮食觉知训练有更好的减重效应。使用正念饮食觉知训练减重成功概率最高，其次为传统正念疗法。研究二修订正念饮食行为量表、体重接纳与行动量表与正念练习质量量表的信效度较好，适用于测量中国人群的正念进食技能、与体重相关的经验性回避行为与每次的正念练习质量，为研究三探索正念减重干预是否有效提高了正念进食技能、降低了与体重相关 的经验性回避行为并考察练习质量与减重的关系提供工具。研究三探索中国不 同体重人群在心理及行为指标的差异并制作了新正念减重干预方案，通过实证 研究了解新正念减重干预方案对中国超重和肥胖成人的减重效应。随机对照实 验的结果显示，在主要指标 BMI 变化、减重率及体重变化上，新正念组显著优 于限时进食组与空白对照组。 研究结论：1.在选择或开发正念减重干预方案时，为获得更好的减重效应， 可优先考虑正念饮食觉知训练。2.修订版正念进食行为量表、体重接纳与行动 问卷及正念练习质量问卷，适用于测量中国人群。3.采用正念饮食觉知训练为 框架的新干预方案可有效帮助中国超重和肥胖成人减重，并且在减重干预中帮 助被试提高每次的正念练习质量，将有助于提高被试的正念特质与正念进食行 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43190]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘欣雅. 正念对中国超重和肥胖成人的减重效应研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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