中国大学生心理求助相关的男性气质规范内涵及作用机制
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 翟婧雅 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 男性气质 心理求助态度 公众污名 自我污名 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | The Structure and Mechanism of Psychological Help-seeking Related Masculine Norms Among Chinese College Students |
| 中文摘要 | Research found that at least 70% of college male students with mental health concerns do not seek out counseling or other mental health services every year. Men are more reluctant to seek professional psychological help than women, which may be influenced by masculine norms. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the connotation of masculine norms related to psychological help-seeking (hereafter referred to as help-seeking related masculine norms) and its influence mechanism on professional psychological help-seeking attitudes(hereafter referred to as psychological help-seeking attitude). This study is divided into two parts. Study 1 used a sequential exploratory mixed-methods design to explore help-seeking related masculine norms. Firstly, in the qualitative research phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 college students. Through thematic analysis, the themes of help-seeking related masculine norms were determined, and questionnaire items were compiled based on the contents of interviews and similar scales. In the quantitative research phase, 624 male college students were recruited, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the basic connotation of help-seeking related masculine norms. In study 2, 475 male college students were selected. In study 2a, the reliability and validity of the instrument were assessed with internal consistency coefficient, construct validity, convergent validity and confirmatory factor analysis. In study 2b, the percentile Bootstrap method with deviation correction was used to analyze the mediating effects of public stigma and self-stigma on help-seeking related masculine norms and help-seeking attitudes. The results of this study are as follows: (1) In the qualitative research phase of study 1, the help-seeking related masculine norms mainly included positive and negative aspects, the former was resilient toughness, the latter was emotional repression and extreme self-reliance. In the quantitative phase of study 1, we identified the Help-seeking Related Masculine Norms questionnaire which contained two factors:Resilient toughness and Self-reliance and repression. The factor loading of items ranged from 0.41 to 0.79, and the total variation explained by the two factors was 53.51%. (2) In study 2a, the reliability and validity of questionnaire in Study 1 was tested. The internal consistency reliability of the total scale was 0.89, that of the Resilient toughness subscale was 0.90, and that of the Self-reliance and repression subscale was 0.86. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fitting index was acceptable (CFI=0.918 > 0.90, TLI = 0.903 > 0.90, RMSEA = 0.076 < 0.80). (3) In study 2b, public stigma played as the mediating role in the relationship between Self-reliance and repression norm and psychological help-seeking attitudes, public stigma and self-stigma exerted the chain mediating effect in the relationship between Self-reliance and repression norm and psychological help-seeking attitudes. Public stigma played as the mediating role in the relationship between Resilient toughness norm and psychological help-seeking attitudes, public stigma and self-stigma exerted the chain mediating effect in the relationship between Resilient toughness norm and psychological help-seeking attitudes. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) Qualitative study finds that help-seeking related masculine norms contain both positive and negative aspects. Among them, Resilient toughness norm embodies the uniqueness of masculine norms under Chinese culture. (2) Based on the results of qualitative research, the Help-seeking Related Masculine Norms questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and meets the requirements of psychometrics. The application of this questionnaire in male college students shows that there is a double-edged effect of help-seeking related masculine norms on psychological help-seeking attitudes. Meanwhile, public stigma and self-stigma exerted the chain mediating effect in the relationship between help-seeking related masculine norms and psychological help-seeking attitudes. |
| 英文摘要 | 调查发现，每年至少有 70%的男性大学生即使存在心理健康问题，也不寻求心理咨询或其他心理健康服务。男性相比于女性更不愿意寻求专业的心理服务，背后的原因可能是受到了社会中男性气质规范的影响。因此，探讨心理求助相关的男性气质规范（以下简称求助相关的男性气质规范）内涵及其对专业心理求助态度（以下简称心理求助态度）的影响机制，有着较为重要的意义。 研究一使用顺序探索性混合方法设计，在质性研究阶段，对 20 位大学生进行半结构访谈，通过主题分析法确定了求助相关的男性气质规范的主题，并基于访谈和同类量表编制问卷项目。在定量研究阶段，以 624 名男性大学生为研究对象，通过探索性因素分析确定求助相关的男性气质规范的基本内涵与结构。研究二以 475 名男性大学生作为研究对象，研究二 a 采用内部一致性信度、结构效度、聚合效度等对研究一的自编问卷进行信效度检验；研究二 b 采用偏差校正非参数的百分位 Bootstrap 法，分析公众污名、自我污名在求助相关的男性气质规范与心理求助态度之间的中介作用。 本研究的结果如下： （1）研究一的质性研究阶段发现，求助相关的男性气质规范主要包含积极和消极两个方面，前者体现为“坚韧”，后者体现为“压抑和控制情感”与“极度的自力更生”。研究一的定量研究阶段初步确定《求助相关的男性气质规范问卷》，其包含坚韧与自立压抑 2 个因子，共 16 个题目，各个题目的因子载荷在0.41~0.79 之间，2 个因子可解释的总变异量为 53.51％。 （2）研究二 a 对研究一的自编问卷进行信效度检验，总量表的内部一致性信度为 0.89，坚韧分量表的内部一致性信度为 0.90，自立压抑分量表的内部一致性信度为 0.86。验证性因素分析显示模型拟合指标可接受(CFI=0.918 > 0.90, TLI= 0.903 > 0.90, RMSEA = 0.076 < 0.80)。 （3）研究二 b 结果显示，公众污名在自立压抑规范与心理求助态度之间的中介效应显著，公众污名与自我污名在自立压抑规范与心理求助态度之间的链式中介效应显著；公众污名在坚韧规范与心理求助态度之间的中介效应显著，公众污名与自我污名在坚韧规范与心理求助态度之间的链式中介效应显著。 本研究的结论如下： （1）质性研究表明，中国大学生求助相关的男性气质规范包含了积极和消极的两面。其中，坚韧这一积极规范反映了中国文化下男性气质规范的独特性。 （2）依据质性研究结果编制的《求助相关的男性气质规范问卷》具有良好的信效度，符合心理测量学要求。以此问卷作为工具，在男性大学生群体中的应用研究表明，求助相关的男性气质规范对心理求助态度存在双刃剑的影响。同时，公众污名与自我污名在求助相关的男性气质规范与心理求助态度之间起链式中介作用。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43204]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 翟婧雅. 中国大学生心理求助相关的男性气质规范内涵及作用机制[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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