双轴模型对青少年网络游戏成瘾异质性的表征—基于行为、心理与认知神经证据
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 闰海江 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 孙向红 ; 赵国联 |
| 关键词 | 游戏成瘾 异质性 双轴模型 群体奖赏 事件相关电位 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | Biaxial-Model-based Heterogeneity of Internet Gaming Disorder --- Evidence from Behavioral, Psychological and Cognitive Neuroscience Studies |
| 中文摘要 | Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD), as a special behavioral addiction, is rapidly developing into a public health concern in China and even over the world. Although previous studies have investigated the mechanism of IGD, most of these studies ignore the great heterogeneity among individuals with IGD, which hinders the development of accurate diagnosis and intervention of IGD. Based on the three studies in this thesis, we attempt to establish a unified model for measuring the heterogeneity of IGD, clarify the psychological mechanism of the heterogeneity, and further shed light on the cognitive mechanism behind this heterogeneity. In Study 1, we analyzed the behavioral patterns of 307 gamers through questionnaire and logistic regression, to establish the link between the "symptoms and problems" biaxial model used to represent the heterogeneity of addiction behaviors, and the temporal pattern of IGD. The results show that the biaxial model can effectively predict whether IGDs would attempt to quit their addictive behaviors and whether they succeed, accordingly influencing the temporal pattern of individual’s addiction. The results reveal the inter-dependence between different modes of IGD heterogeneity, support the biaxial model as an effective method to represent the heterogeneity of IGD. In Study 2, based on the questionnaire results of 307 subjects in study 1, we further established a structural equation model with potential factors including biaxial model, personality traits, affective factor, and protective factors of IGD, trying to clarify the psychological mechanism of the IGD heterogeneity. The results show that high social support and self-support (i.e., self-efficacy, self-regulation, and self-esteem) could together predict both low symptoms and problems factor of IGD, with the affective factor performing as the full mediator. In addition, high self-support could directly and independently predict a low problems factor, which indicates that self-support might be the key psychological trait of the heterogeneity in IGD. In Study 3, we aimed to investigate the heterogeneous mechanisms of IGD in group context by constructing the group rewarding task (including self-reward and observational reward) based on "co-petitive game". The results show that compared with the healthy controls, the IGDs show stronger automatic attention to reward clues in the reward anticipation stage (i.e., presenting a higher amplitude at P200). Furthermore, we find that problematic IGDs show stronger automatic cognitive mechanisms, indicated by a larger P200 compared to symptoms-IGDs subtype and a smaller SPN difference between self-reward and observational reward conditions; meanwhile, P200 amplitude in observational condition shows a significant correlation with IGD’s problems, which might be the key neural marker for classification of IGD subtypes and might be associated with the self-support trait mentioned in study 2. The results could deepen our insights into the heterogeneity of IGD and provide an important theoretical basis for the accurate diagnosis and effective intervention of IGD. To sum up, the thesis validates the measurement model of the IGD heterogeneity, investigates the psychological mechanism of the development of IGD heterogeneity, and clarifies the cognitive mechanism of IGD heterogeneity in the group context. These results not only deepen our understanding of the development and individual differences of IGD but provide important evidence for further diagnosis of addiction heterogeneity. Based on this, it could be expected to develop accurate diagnosis and individual intervention approaches for individuals with IGD in the future, which can more scientifically and efficiently ensure the well-being of teenagers in the Internet age. |
| 英文摘要 | 游戏成瘾作为一种特殊的行为成瘾障碍，正在迅速地发展成为我国乃至全球的公共健康问题。尽管目前已有大量研究对游戏成瘾行为的发生发展机制进行了探讨，但这些研究大多都忽略了游戏成瘾群体内部存在着的异质性及其基于群体情境的认知特点，这极大地阻碍了游戏成瘾精确诊断和干预工具的发展。本论文基于三个子研究，尝试验证双轴模型对于游戏成瘾异质性的表征有效性;并进一步地阐明游戏成瘾异质性发生发展的心理机制;并探究在合作竞争的类游戏情境下这种异质性背后的认知机制。 在研究一中，我们通过问卷测量和逻辑回归的方法，对307名游戏玩家被试的成瘾模式进行了分析，旨在建立用于表征成瘾行为异质性的“症状、问题”双轴模型与游戏成瘾的时序发展模式之间的联系。结果表明，双轴因子可以分别有效地预测个体的戒断尝试的发生及其是否成功，从而影响个体成瘾在时序上的发展。这一结果揭示了成瘾群体异质性的不同表现形式之间的依赖关系，支持了将双轴模型作为游戏成瘾群体异质性度量的方法。 在研究二中，我们进一步地基于研究一中307名被试的问卷测量结果，建立了包含游戏成瘾的双轴因子、人格特质、情感因子和成瘾保护性因子的结构方程模型，旨在阐明游戏成瘾异质性的心理学机制。结果表明，较高的社会支持和自我支持(自我效能、自我调节和自尊)可以同时预测较低的游戏成瘾症状轴和问题轴得分，并且情感因子充当了该预测效应的中介变量。另外，高的自我支持可以直接且独立地预测更低的问题轴得分。这一结果表明了自我支持可能是影响游戏成瘾群体的异质性发生发展的关键特质。 在研究三中，通过构建基于“合作竞争博弈”的群体奖赏任务，探讨了游戏成瘾群体在群体情境下(包括自我和观察奖赏条件)的异质性机制。结果表明，相较于健康对照组，游戏成瘾群体在奖赏预期阶段呈现出了对奖赏线索更强的自动化注意(即更高的P200成分);当我们基于双轴因子对成瘾被试进行亚型区分后，发现在奖赏预期阶段，问题主导型成瘾被试相比于症状主导型被试呈现出更高的P200波幅和自我一观察奖赏条件之间更小的SPN差异，表明问题型成瘾被试存在着更加自动化的认知机制;并且在观察奖赏条件下P200波幅和被试的问题轴得分呈现显著的正相关，表明群体情境下的P200可能是区分不同亚型的关键神经标记物，同时这种神经机制可能与研究二指出的与问题轴相关的自我支持特质有关。这些结果能够帮助我们进一步了解游戏成瘾异质性，也为游戏成瘾的精确诊断和有效干预提供了重要的参考依据。 综上所述，本论文探究了游戏成瘾异质性的表征模型、发生发展的心理机制和群体情境下的认知机制。这些结果深化了我们对游戏成瘾的发生发展和个体差异的理解，同时为进一步的成瘾异质性诊断提供了重要证据。基于此，未来将有希望开发出针对游戏成瘾个体的精确诊断和个性化干预工具，能够在未来的信息化时代中，更加科学和高效地保证青少年群体身心的积极和健康发展。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43202]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_社会与工程心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 闰海江. 双轴模型对青少年网络游戏成瘾异质性的表征—基于行为、心理与认知神经证据[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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