基础社会动机与生育意愿 ——生育主观幸福感预期的作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 高洋
|
| 答辩日期 | 2022-06 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 李岩梅 |
| 关键词 | 基础社会动机 生育意愿 生育主观幸福感预期 人均 GDP 性别比 率 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理 |
| 其他题名 | Fundamental Social Motives and Fertility Desire: The Role of Subjective well-being Expectation of Reproductive Behavior |
| 中文摘要 | Fertility is a social behavior with significant biological significance. As themotivation of fertility desires, social motivation has attracted more attention. However, the motivation to bring it into the vision is relatively single, theframework is not very clear, and the exploration of psychological mechanism is less.The fundamental social motives system is the internal power to stimulate andregulate human behavior in order to achieve the ultimate goal of survival andreproduction, manage important threats, challenges and opportunities in social life.Fertility is both a challenge and an opportunity. This study explored the relationshipbetween fundamental social motives system and fertility desires, revealed themotivation system that promotes / weakens reproductive intention, and explore thepsychological mechanism behind it. Study 1 mainly explored the relationship between fundamental social motivesand subjective well-being through a large-scale questionnaire survey, as well as therelationship between per capita GDP and sex ratio in the city and their impact on therelationship between them. The results show that: (1) Mate Retention (General), KinCare (Child) and Kin Care (Family) positively predict subjective well-being, andMate Retention (Breakup Concern) negatively predict subjective well-being.(2)Status seeking significantly negatively predicted subjective well-being. (3) Themotivation of Kin Care (Family) and Affiliation (Group) plays a masking rolebetween per capita GDP and subjective well-being. Per capita GDP affectsindividual subjective well-being by affecting Kin Care (Family) and Affiliation(Group) motivation. On the basis of study 1, study 2 focused on the side of subjective well-beingwith more specific prediction of reproductive behavior - reproductive subjectivewell-being, conducted a questionnaire survey on residents in seven geographicalregions of China, in order to explore the relationship between fundamental social motives and fertility desires and the role of subjective well-being expectation ofreproductive behavior through questionnaire survey. The results showed that: (1)Mate Retention (General), Kin Care (Family) and Kin Care (Child) motivation had apositive impact on fertility attitude and subjective well-being expectation ofreproductive behavior；Kin Care (Child) had a positive impact on the number ofwilling births；Mate Retention (General) and Kin Care (Child) motivation had anegative impact on the (RE) childbearing time.(2) Fertility subjective well-beingexpectation positively predicts individual fertility desires. (3) Some family relatedmotivations affect the number of births and attitudes of individuals through thesubjective well-being expectation of reproductive behavior. The family relatedmotivations can product more children, shorten reproductive time and improve theenthusiasm of childbearing attitude by improving the individual's subjectivewell-being expectation of reproductive behavior. (4) In the process that subjectivewell-being expectation of reproductive behavior plays an mediating role inAffiliation (Independence) and fertility desires, per capita GDP regulated the thefirst half of the mediating process. At the same time, per capita GDP and sex ratioregulated the relationship between fundamental social motives and fertility desires. Conclusion: Family related fundamental social motives promote individualfertility desires. subjective well-being of reproductive behavior played an mediatingrole in the relationship between them, and per capita GDP and sex ratio played aregulatory role in this mediating process. It expanded the understanding of thepsychological process of Chinese people's fertility desires, provided a psychologicalentry point for the formulation and implementation of fertility policy. |
| 英文摘要 | 生育是带有显著生物学意义的社会行为。作为生育意愿的动因，社会动机受到了较多关注。但纳入视野的动机相对单一，体系不甚清晰，心理机制的探索较少。基础社会动机体系，是人类为实现生存繁衍的终极目标，管理社会生活中重要的威胁、挑战与机会，形成的激发、调控行为的内在动力。生育是挑战也是机会。本研究通过大样本调查的方式，探讨基础社会动机体系与生育意愿的关系，揭示促进/削弱生育意愿的动机系统，并探索其背后的心理机制。 研究一通过大规模问卷调查主要探究基础社会动机与主观幸福感的关系，以及所在城市人均 GDP 和性别比率与二者的关系以及对二者关系的影响。结果发现：1)家庭相关动机中的伴侣维系（常规）、亲属关爱（家人）和亲属关爱（子女）正向预测主观幸福感, 伴侣维系（分手关注）负向预测主观幸福感。2)地位寻求显著负向预测主观幸福感。3)亲属关爱（家人）和关系形成（群体）动机在人均 GDP 与主观幸福感之间起遮掩作用。人均 GDP 通过影响亲属关爱（家人）和关系形成（群体）动机从而影响个体主观幸福感。 研究二在研究一的基础上，聚焦对生育行为有更具体预测作用的主观幸福感侧面—生育主观幸福感，通过对中国 GDP 水平不同地理区域的居民进行问卷调查，探究基础社会动机和生育意愿的关系以及生育主观幸福感预期在其中起到的作用。结果发现：(1)家庭相关动机中的伴侣维系（常规）、亲属关爱（家人）和亲属关爱（子女）动机显著正向影响生育态度和生育主观幸福感预期；亲属关爱（子女）动机显著正向影响意愿生育数量；伴侣维系（常规）和亲属关爱（子女）动机显著负向预测生育计划时间，也就是说个体的伴侣维系（常规）和亲属关爱（子女）动机越强，个体会越早生育孩子。(2)生育主观幸福感预期正向预测个体生育意愿和生育态度，负向预测生育计划时间。(3)家庭相关动机中的部分动机通过生育主观幸福感预期影响个体的意愿生育数量、生育态度和生育计划时间。(4) 人均 GDP 调节了生育主观幸福感预期中介关系形成（个体独立）动机和生育意愿二者关系过程的前半段路径，同时人均 GDP 和性别比率两个因素对基础社会动机和生育意愿的关系起到了一定的调节作用。结论：家庭相关基础社会动机促进个体的生育意愿，生育主观幸福感在二者关系中起中介作用，并且人均 GDP 和性别比率在这一中介过程中起调节作用。本研究拓展了对中国人生育意愿心理过程的理解，为生育政策的制定、实施提供了心理学的切入点。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/43177]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_应用研究版块 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 高洋. 基础社会动机与生育意愿 ——生育主观幸福感预期的作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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