Virtual water transfers in Africa: Assessing topical condition of water scarcity, water savings, and policy implications
文献类型：期刊论文
| 作者 | Hirwa, Hubert2,3; Peng, Yu2,3; Zhang, Qiuying4; Qiao, Yunfeng2,3; Leng, Peifang2,3; Tian, Chao2; Yang, Guang1; Muhirwa, Fabien3,5; Diop, Salif8; Kayiranga, Alphonse3,6 |
| 刊名 | SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
 |
| 出版日期 | 2022-08-20 |
| 卷号 | 835页码:17 |
| ISSN号 | 0048-9697 |
| 关键词 | Virtual water flows Water dependency Water scarcity Water saving Water resource management Africa |
| DOI | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155343 |
| 通讯作者 | Li, Fadong(lifadong@igsnrr.ac.cn) |
| 英文摘要 | Africa is facing an increasing challenge with respect to water scarcity (WS), which is driven by climate change, population growth, and socioeconomic growth combined with inadequate water resources management. In particular, there is significant concern of virtual water (VW) trade, which plays the key role in water resource management and food security sustainability. Using bilateral trade data, this study consistently evaluated the change and balanced trade of major grains, the VW flows, WS status, water dependency (WD), water self-sufficiency (WSS), and water savings/losses within5 African sub-regions and their partners from 2000 to 2020. The ratio of water use to water availability was used to estimate the WS. The WD was quantified by the ratio of the net VW import to the regional water appropriation and the regional water savings/losses were also quantified by multiplying the inter-regional trade by the virtual water content of the imported/exported grains. The overall average trade deficit of African regions was found to increase to -1364.22 x 10(6) tons and Africa imported 41,359.07 Bm3 of VW from grain products. Green water contributed 79.33% of the total VWI. The WS values for East African countries were > 100, indicating overexploitation. Besides, the overall WD in Africa was 465.5% for the studied period. The trade of main grains between Africa and the rest of the planet corresponded to a global water loss of 2820.7 Bm(3).yr(-1). However, the inter-continental cereal VW trade pattern and high trend will continue in the future. In view of the rising tension of WS, some African countries need to revise international crop trade and water resources conservation policies to promote a more balanced ecosystem. This study exemplifies that decision makers would consider VW flows and water savings/losses for enhancing water use efficiency and fair trading, thus increasing food production in Africa. |
| WOS关键词 | SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA ; INTERNATIONAL-TRADE ; FOOD SECURITY ; RESOURCES ; FOOTPRINT ; FLOWS ; GREEN ; OPPORTUNITIES ; AGRICULTURE ; PERSPECTIVE |
| 资助项目 | National Natural Science Founda-tion of China[41761144053] ; National Natural Science Founda-tion of China[U1906219] ; National Natural Science Founda-tion of China[U1803244] ; National Natural Science Founda-tion of China[41561144011] |
| WOS研究方向 | Environmental Sciences & Ecology |
| 语种 | 英语 |
| 出版者 | ELSEVIER |
| WOS记录号 | WOS:000799746300009 |
| 资助机构 | National Natural Science Founda-tion of China |
| 源URL | [http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/178339]  |
| 专题 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 |
| 通讯作者 | Li, Fadong |
| 作者单位 | 1.Shihezi Univ, Coll Water & Architectural Engn, Shihezi 832003, Peoples R China 2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modeling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China 4.Chinese Res Inst Environm Sci, Beijing 100012, Peoples R China 5.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Resources Use & Environm Remediat, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 6.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resource & Environm Informat, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China 7.FAMU, FSU Coll Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 2525 Pottsdamer St, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA 8.Natl Acad Sci Senegal, POB 4344, Dakar, Senegal |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | Hirwa, Hubert,Peng, Yu,Zhang, Qiuying,et al. Virtual water transfers in Africa: Assessing topical condition of water scarcity, water savings, and policy implications[J]. SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,2022,835:17. |
| APA | Hirwa, Hubert.,Peng, Yu.,Zhang, Qiuying.,Qiao, Yunfeng.,Leng, Peifang.,...&Chen, Gang.(2022).Virtual water transfers in Africa: Assessing topical condition of water scarcity, water savings, and policy implications.SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT,835,17. |
| MLA | Hirwa, Hubert,et al."Virtual water transfers in Africa: Assessing topical condition of water scarcity, water savings, and policy implications".SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 835(2022):17. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：地理科学与资源研究所
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