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Evaluation the WRF Model with Different Land Surface Schemes: Heat Wave Event Simulations and Its Relation to Pacific Variability over Coastal Region, Karachi, Pakistan

文献类型：期刊论文

作者Dilawar, Adil2,3; Chen, Baozhang2,3,4,5; Guo, Lifeng2,3; Liu, Shuan4; Shafeeque, Muhammad6,7; Arshad, Arfan8; Hussain, Yawar1; Qureshi, Muhammad Ateeq9; Kayiranga, Alphonse2,3; Wang, Fei2,3
刊名SUSTAINABILITY
出版日期2021-11-01
卷号13期号:22页码:23
关键词heat wave WRF forecast ENSO NOAH-MP
DOI10.3390/su132212608
通讯作者Chen, Baozhang()
英文摘要This study investigates the relative role of land surface schemes (LSS) in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, Version 4, to simulate the heat wave events in Karachi, Pakistan during 16-23 May 2018. The efficiency of the WRF model was evaluated in forecasting heat wave events over Karachi using the three different LSS, namely NOAH, NOAH-MP, and RUC. In addition to this we have used the longwave (RRTM) and shortwave (Dudhia) in all schemes. Three simulating setups were designed with a combination of shortwave, longwave, and LSS: E1 (Dudhia, RRTM, and Noah), E2 (Dudhia, RRTM, and Noah-MP), and E3 (Dudhia, RRTM, and RUC). All setups were carried out with a finer resolution of 1 km x 1 km. Findings of current study depicted that E2 produces a more realistic simulation of daily maximum temperature T-(max) at 2 m, sensible heat (SH), and latent heat (LH) because it has higher R-2 and lower errors (BIAS, RMSE, MAE) compared to other schemes. Consequently, Noah-MP (LSS) accurately estimates T-(max) and land surface heat fluxes (SH & LH) because uses multiple physics options for land atmosphere interaction processes. According to statistical analyses, E2 setup outperforms other setups in term of T-(max) and (LH & SH) forecasting with the higher Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE) agreement is 0.84 (0.89). This research emphasizes that the selection of LSS is of vital importance in the best simulation of T-(max) and SH (LH) over Karachi. Further, it is resulted that the SH flux is taking a higher part to trigger the heat wave event intensity during May 2018 due to dense urban canopy and less vegetated area. El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event played role to prolong and strengthen the heat wave period by effecting the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) through walker circulation extension.
WOS关键词PARAMETERIZATION SCHEMES ; PBL PARAMETERIZATIONS ; CLIMATE VARIABILITY ; TEMPERATURE ; SENSITIVITY ; RAINFALL ; WEATHER ; MONSOON ; MECHANISMS ; PREDICTION
资助项目Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[XDA 20030302] ; National Key R&D Program of China[2018YFA0606001] ; National Key R&D Program of China[2017YFA0604301] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41771114] ; National Natural Science Foundation of China[41271116] ; State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System[O88RA901YA]
WOS研究方向Science & Technology - Other Topics ; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
语种英语
WOS记录号WOS:000733894800001
出版者MDPI
资助机构Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences ; National Key R&D Program of China ; National Natural Science Foundation of China ; State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System
源URL[http://ir.igsnrr.ac.cn/handle/311030/168663]  
专题中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所
通讯作者Chen, Baozhang
作者单位1.Univ Liege, Dept Geol, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
2.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, State Key Lab Resources & Environm Informat Syst, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
3.Univ Chinese Acad Sci UCAS, Beijing 100049, Peoples R China
4.Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol, Sch Remote Sensing & Geomat Engn, Nanjing 210044, Peoples R China
5.Jiangsu Ctr Collaborat Innovat Geog Informat Reso, Nanjing 210023, Peoples R China
6.Univ Bremen, Inst Geog, D-28359 Bremen, Germany
7.Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geog Sci & Nat Resources Res, Key Lab Ecosyst Network Observat & Modelling, Beijing 100101, Peoples R China
8.Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Stillwater, OK 74075 USA
9.Natl Ctr Remote Sensing & Geo Informat, Inst Space Technol, Karachi Campus, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
推荐引用方式
GB/T 7714		 Dilawar, Adil,Chen, Baozhang,Guo, Lifeng,et al. Evaluation the WRF Model with Different Land Surface Schemes: Heat Wave Event Simulations and Its Relation to Pacific Variability over Coastal Region, Karachi, Pakistan[J]. SUSTAINABILITY,2021,13(22):23.
APA Dilawar, Adil.,Chen, Baozhang.,Guo, Lifeng.,Liu, Shuan.,Shafeeque, Muhammad.,...&Zhang, Huifang.(2021).Evaluation the WRF Model with Different Land Surface Schemes: Heat Wave Event Simulations and Its Relation to Pacific Variability over Coastal Region, Karachi, Pakistan.SUSTAINABILITY,13(22),23.
MLA Dilawar, Adil,et al."Evaluation the WRF Model with Different Land Surface Schemes: Heat Wave Event Simulations and Its Relation to Pacific Variability over Coastal Region, Karachi, Pakistan".SUSTAINABILITY 13.22(2021):23.

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来源：地理科学与资源研究所

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