Objective  To explore the mechanism and gender difference underlying the influence of leisure boredom on adolescents’ short-form video use. Methods  A total of 889 adolescents aged 15 - 20 years were investigated by short form video App addiction scale, leisure boredom scale, 7 -tiem generalized anxiety disorder scale（GAD- 7）, and mobile phone-use motivations scale escape motivation subscale. Results  Adolescents’ leisure boredom was significantly positively correlated with their short-form video use. Adolescents’ leisure boredom not only directly affected short-form video use, but also indirectly affected short-form video use through the mediating effects that anxiety and escape motivation played, respectively, as well as the chain mediation of anxiety and escape motivation. The gender moderated the effect of anxiety on short-form video usage, and the anxiety level influenced short-form video use more significantly among male students than female ones. Conclusion  Anxiety and avoidance motivation play multiple mediating roles in the effect of leisure boredom on adolescents’ short-form video use, and gender moderates the effect of anxiety on short-form video use.

摘要：目的 探讨休闲无聊对青少年短视频使用影响的内在机制及性别差异.方法 采用短视频成瘾量表、休闲无聊量表、7项广泛性焦虑障碍量表和手机使用动机量表逃避动机分量表对889名15～20岁青少年进行调查.结果 青少年休闲无聊与短视频使用呈显著正相关.青少年休闲无聊不但能直接影响短视频使用,还能通过焦虑和逃避动机的独立中介及焦虑与逃避动机的链式中介间接影响短视频使用.性别调节焦虑对短视频使用的影响,男生对短视频的使用更易受到焦虑程度的影响.结论 焦虑和逃避动机在青少年休闲无聊对短视频使用的影响中起到多重中介作用,性别调节了焦虑对短视频使用的影响.