The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between mothers' educational anxiety and children's resilience in primary school, thereby investigating the mediating effects of parenting style. In this study, 494 primary school students in grades 4-6 as well as their mothers were surveyed with The Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescents, Questionnaire on Mothers' Educational Anxiety of Primary School Students and Questionnaire on Parenting Style. The collected data were then analyzed and processed with SPSS23.0, PROCESS macro for SPSS23.0, t-test, variance analysis, regression analysis, and Bootstrap-based mediation model. The results showed that mothers' educational anxiety was negatively correlated with children's resilience. Positive parenting style has a significant positive correlation with children's resilience while negative parenting style has a significant negative correlation with it. Mothers' educational anxiety was negatively correlated with positive parenting style and positively correlated with negative parenting style. The results also indicated that parenting style partially mediated the relationship between mothers' educational anxiety and children's resilience in primary schools.