Objective: To investigate the moderating effect of parent-adolescent communication frequency on the relationship between primary caregiver's parenting style and adolescent depression of left-behind children(LBC). Methods: The research questionnaire surveyed 1，221 rural students in the seventh，eighth，and ninth grades of three junior high schools in Chunhua County，Xianyang City，Shaanxi Province in the form of online test，of which 942 were valid , including 212 non-LBC, average age of 14.86士0.71，374 LBC with one single parent accompanying，average age of 14.86士0.86，353 LBC without any parent accompanying，average age of 14.86士0.86.The research Was conducted by using the Iowa Youth and Family Project parenting style Scale，composed frequency of parent-child communication of LBC and the Child Depression Inventory. Results:①Adolescent depression was significantly higher in LBC than that in non-LBC，among which LBC without any parent accompanying had highest adolescent depression level (F=11.86，PG0.o1);Compared with non-LBC，LBC experienced significantly higher primary caregiver's negative parenting style and significantly lower primary positive caregiver's parenting style，among which LBC without any parent accompanying experienced highest primary caregiver's negative parenting style and lowest primary positive caregivers parenting style( F = 7.98，7.23; P＜0.01). ②Primary caregivers positive parenting style and parent-adolescent communication frequency significantly positively predicted depression in both LBC without accompanying parents and those with single parent accompanying them(P＜0.01)，primary caregivers negative parenting style significantly and negatively predicted depression in LBC without accompanying parents and those with single parent accompanying them(P<0.01).③The moderating effect of parent-adolescent communication frequency was significant on both the relationship between primary caregiver's parenting style and adolescent depression of LBC without accompanying parents and those with single parent accompanying them(P<0.05). Conclusion: Primary caregiver's parenting style and parent-adolescent communication frequency significantly predict depression in LBC，high frequency of parent-adolescent communication buffers the negative impact from primary caregiver's parenting style and protects LBC's mental health.

目的：检验情绪调节量表（ERS）在性别、是否留守以及时间变量上的测量等值性。方法：用ERS对贵州省11所中小学的5201名学生（男生2583名，女生2575名，缺失填写43名）进行调查，间隔10个月后对其中600名学生再次调查。结果：ERS两因子结构模型与实测数据拟好良好；多组验证性因素分析发现ERS在不同性别、是否留守以及不同时间点上的形态等值、弱等值、强等值和严格等值模型都具有良好的拟合。结论：ERS在性别、是否留守以及时间变量上具有严格的测量等值性。

教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（18XJC190001）;; 2020年度贵州省教育厅自然科学基金青年人才项目（黔教合KY字(2021)299）;; 2021年度贵州省哲学社会科学规划重点项目阶段性成果（21GZZD45）;; 2022年度贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究重点项目成果（2022ZD006）;; 2022年度贵州省科技厅基础研究计划（自然科学类）项目（黔科合基础-ZK[2022]一般303）