Multispectral imaging systems enable the simultaneous acquisition of spatial and multispectral information about a target, thereby improving the capability of all-weather autonomous spacecraft operations for sensing measure-ments and condition identification. This paper reports designing and constructing a common-aperture multi-spectral imaging system (CAMIS) that can simultaneously obtain ultraviolet, visible, mid-wave, and long-wave infrared wavebands. Such a system can simultaneously realize distant stars' navigation and multispectral detec-tion. An experimental setup was constructed to verify the basic principles of the device. The device is used to image an optical-resolution target and a pinhole. The results indicated that the system could perform celestial nav-igation in the visible waveband and image objects well in multiple wavebands, thereby realizing the integration of deep-space navigation and detection.