焦点解决团体辅导对农村老年人心理健康的影响
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 王春艳 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-05 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈天勇 |
| 关键词 | 焦点解决团体辅导 抑郁 认知功能 老年人 整群随机对照实验 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 发展与教育心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Effects of Solution-Focused Group Counseling on Mental Health among Rural Older Adults |
| 中文摘要 | China's population is aging rapidly, and mental health of the older adults has become a great challenge, especially in rural areas that lack psychological services. The increase of depressive symptoms and the decline of cognitive functions are two major mental health problems. Therefore, a low-cost, efficient, operable and teachable way of psychological intervention that is suitable to be used in rural China is needed. Adhering to the concept of "active health" and aiming to improve overall mental health level, the present study examines the feasibility and effects of a Solution-Focused Group Counseling (SFGC) on depressive emotions and cognitive functions among older adults in rural China. The present study aims to offer an evidence-based, localized, low-cost and inclusive intervention scheme for promoting mental health of older adults in rural China. In a cluster randomized controlled trial, 290 participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n=130) and a control group (n=160). The bi-weekly 90-minute SFGC group intervention consisted 12 sessions, lasted for 6 months and was carried out by trained local healthcare workers. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) were used to measure depressive emotions and cognitive functions. Results indicated that: (1) Compared with their counterparts in the control group, participants in the intervention group demonstrated positive changes in both depressive symptoms and cognitive functions after the SFGC intervention. In the posttest, CES-D scores decreased in the intervention group, indicating less depressive emotions, while the figure did not change significantly in the control group; MMSE scores did not change significantly in the intervention group, indicating maintained cognitive functions, while the figure decreased in the control group, indicating a decline in cognitive functions. (2) 6 months after the SFGC intervention, compared with their counterparts in the control group, the positive changes in depressive emotions and cognitive functions of participants in the intervention group maintained to a limited extent. In follow-up test, CES-D scores increased in the control group, indicating increased depressive emotions, while the figure did not change significantly in the intervention group; MMSE scores did not change significantly in the intervention group, indicating maintained cognitive functions, while the figure slightly decreased in the control group. Findings support the feasibility of a localized SFGC among rural older adults in China. The present intervention can lead to significantly decreased depressive emotions and attenuated cognitive decline. Future studies can further improve the design of SFGC interventions, and explore the underlying mechanism of the SFGC in promoting mental health among older adults. |
| 英文摘要 | 我国老龄化快速发展，老年人心理健康状况不容乐观;经济发展水平较差、可获得心理服务资源相对医乏的农村地区更是如此。老年人心理健康问题主要表现为抑郁情绪增多和认知功能衰退。因此，低成本、见效快、操作便捷、易教易学并且适合在我国农村地区推广的心理干预模式亚待探索。本研究秉承“主动健康”理念，以提升农村老年人整体心理健康水平为目标，考察焦点解决团体辅导C Solution-Focused Group Counseling, SFGC)对我国农村老年人适用性，以及对减少农村老年人抑郁情绪、改善其认知功能的有效性，从而为促进我国农村老年人心理健康提供本土化、低成本、普惠性干预方案和科学支持。 本研究采用整群随机对照实验(cluster randomized controlled trial), 290名被试被随机分入干预组((n= 130)或对照组(n = 160 ) o SFGC干预每两周一次，每次约90分钟，持续6个月(共12次)，由当地村医接受集中培训后开展。后测在最后一次干预后立即进行，追踪测试在最后一次干预结束半年后进行。采用流调中心抑郁量表10题版本(CES-D)测量抑郁情绪，修订版简易精神状态量表(MMSE)测量认知功能。 结果如下:(1>与对照组相比，SFGC干预后干预组被试抑郁情绪和认知功能均得到改善。后测干预组被试CES-D得分降低，抑郁情绪减少;而对照组被试得分无显著变化。干预组被试MMSE得分无显著变化，认知功能保持;而对照组被试得分降低，认知功能下降。(2) SFGC干预6个月后，与对照组相比，干预组被试抑郁情绪和认知功能的改善一定程度保持。追踪测试干预组被试CES-D得分与前测无显著差异;而对照组被试得分显著增高，抑郁情绪增加。干预组被试MMSE得分无显著变化，认知功能得到保持，而对照组被试得分有下降的趋势。 研究结果提示，本土化SFGC对我国农村老年人适用性较好，显著降低老年人抑郁情绪并减缓其认知功能衰退。未来研究可进一步优化SFGC干预方案，并探讨SFGC对老年人心理健康促进的内在机制。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45019]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 王春艳. 焦点解决团体辅导对农村老年人心理健康的影响[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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