心理咨询师应对方式在心理资本对共情疲劳关系中的中介作用
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘琎 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-12 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 高文斌 |
| 关键词 | 心理咨询师 心理资本 共情疲劳 应对方式 中介作用 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 应用心理学 |
| 其他题名 | The mediating effect of counselors' coping style on the relationship between psychological capital and compassion fatigue |
| 中文摘要 | Compassion fatigue is a unique mental health problem of helping groups, which will not only affect the professional status and helping effect of psychological counselors, but also affect the psychological counselors' personal mental health,and even all aspects of life. This study investigated the performance and mechanism of psychological counselors in three dimensions from the perspectives of psychological capital,coping style and compassion fatigue,and explored effective ways and paths to cope with professional compassion fatigue. Two studies were included: Study 1 investigated the current situation of psychological capital,coping style and compassion fatigue of psychological counselors; The second study investigated the mediating effect of coping styles of psychological counselors on the effect of psychological capital on compassion fatigue. The Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCSQ),and Compassion Fatigue Scale for Psychological Counselors were used in this study. An online survey was conducted by distributing questionnaires through wechat. A total of 292 questionnaires were distributed and 251 valid questionnaires were obtained. The subjects were all practitioners engaged in psychological counseling. Status of Study 1 The results show that: Key groups of compassion fatigue: male, childless, full-time psychological counselors, psychiatrists and national psychotherapists who have worked in for-profit psychological service institutions or hospitals for 3 to 5 years (including 5 years) are more likely to have compassion fatigue and need to be paid attention to as key groups. U-shaped curve of working years: Psychological consultants' psychological capital, coping style and positive coping style show U-shaped distribution with the increase of working years,while negative coping style and compassion fatigue level show inverted U-shaped distribution with the increase of working years. The peak value or the trough value were in the group of 3}5 years (including 5 years). The importance of receiving supervision: Receiving supervision can improve psychological capital,coping style and relieve compassion fatigue for counselors at all stages of practice. Compared with part-time psychological counselors,full-time psychological counselors need more supervision. The mechanism of action in Study 2 showed thatahere is a positive correlation between psychological capital and coping style,while Psychological capital and coping style were negatively correlated with compassion fatigue. In other words, psychological counselors can improve psychological capital,optimize coping style and reduce compassion fatigue. Coping style plays a partial mediating role in the influence of psychological capital on compassion fatigue,in which the mediating role of negative coping style does not exist,but positive coping style plays a partial mediating role. That is,psychological counselors can resist the positive effects of compassion fatigue by improving positive coping styles. The psychological capital, coping style and compassion fatigue of psychological counselors were significantly affected by demographic factors, and receiving supervision was beneficial for psychological counselors to relieve compassion fatigue; Improving psychological capital and positive coping styles can alleviate compassion fatigue. |
| 英文摘要 | 共情疲劳是助人群体所特有的心理健康问题，不仅会影响心理咨询师的职业状态和助人效果，也会影响心理咨询师个人的心理健康，乃至生活的方方面面。本研究从心理资本、应对方式、共情疲劳的角度考察心理咨询师群体在三个维度上的表现与作用机制，探索应对职业共情疲劳的有效方式和路径。包括两项研究:研究一针对心理咨询师群体的心理资本、应对方式和共情疲劳进行现状调查;研究二考察心理咨询师应对方式在心理资本对共情疲劳影响中的中介作用。 本研究使用心理资本问卷(psychological capital questionnaire,PCQ)、应对方式问卷(simplified coping style questionnaire,SCSQ)、心理咨询师共情疲劳量表，通过微信发放问卷进行在线调查。共发放292份，回收有效问卷251份，被试均为正在从事心理咨询工作的从业者。 研究一的现状研究结果显示: 心理咨询师的心理资本、应对方式、共情疲劳均受性别、婚姻家庭、专业资质、咨询累计时数、从业年限、工作类型(全/兼职)、有无个人体验、有无接受督导因素影响显著。心理咨询师的心理资本、应对方式均受年龄影响显著。心理咨询师的应对方式、共情疲劳均受咨询工作量影响显著。心理咨询师的共情疲劳受从业机构影响显著。 共情疲劳重点关注群体:男性、未育、从业3}5年(含5年)的营利性心理服务机构或医院全职心理咨询师、精神科医师、国家心理治疗师产生共情疲劳的可能性更高，需要作为重点群体进行关注。 从业年限的U型曲线:心理咨询师心理资本、应对方式、积极应对方式随着从业年限的增长呈现出U型曲线分布;消极应对方式、共情疲劳水平则随着从业年限的增长呈现倒U形曲线分布。峰值或谷值为从业3}5年(含5年)组。 接受督导的重要性:接受督导有利于各个从业阶段的心理咨询师提升心理资本、应对方式和缓解共情疲劳。与兼职心理咨询师相比较，全职心理咨询师更加需要接受督导。 研究二作用机制研究结果显示:心理资本与应对方式为正相关关系，心理资本、应对方式与共情疲劳为负相关的关系，即心理咨询师可通过提升心理资本，优化应对方式，降低共情疲劳。应对方式在心理资本对共情疲劳影响中起部分中介作用，其中消极应对方式的中介作用不存在，积极应对方式起部分中介作用。即心理咨询师可以通过提升积极应对方式，抵御共情疲劳产生的积极影响。 心理咨询师心理资本、应对方式、共情疲劳受人口学因素影响显著，接受督导有利于心理咨询师缓解共情疲劳;提升心理资本，提升积极应对方式有利于缓解共情疲劳。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45090]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘琎. 心理咨询师应对方式在心理资本对共情疲劳关系中的中介作用[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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