父亲自主支持与青少年短视频使用:一项追踪研究
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 骆帼婷 |
| 答辩日期 | 2022-12 |
| 文献子类 | 硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 陈祉妍 |
| 关键词 | 短视频使用 自主支持 内化问题 逃避动机 青少年 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Paternal Autonomy Subbort and Adolescents' Short-form Video Use: A longitudinal study |
| 中文摘要 | Short-form video, as a rapidly rising social media in recent years, has a rapidly expanding user scale. Teenagers have become important short-form video users, and the usage problem has been paid more and more attention. Previous studies have found that parenting style and personal factors (such as internalizing problems and use motivation) are closely related to adolescent short-form video use, but the mechanism is still unclear. In addition, most of the current studies are cross一sectional studies, which are difficult to reveal the causal relationship between variables. There is also a lack of research on the developmental characteristics and individual differences of adolescent short-form video use. Through tracking research, the purpose of this study was to understand the group heterogeneity in the development of adolescents' short-form video use, combined with the family factors, individual emotional factors and use motivation, set up a chain mediation model, revealing the youth short-form video using the influencing factors and mechanism of action, and on this basis, through the cross lag model to explore the causal relationship between variables. In this study, 593 high school students were investigated by three rounds of follow-up data with an interval of 1 year. The Short-form Video App Addiction Scale, Promotion of Volitional Functioning Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale(CES-D), GAD-7 and Mobile Phone-Use Motivations Scale Escape Motivation Subscale were used to evaluate. Research is divided into two parts: In the first part, t test and single factor variance analysis were used to compare the differences in paternal autonomy support and short-form video use. Under the LCGM to investigate the group heterogeneity in the development of adolescents' short一form video use, using R3一step analysis to investigate the influence of different factors on the development potential category. In the second part, a cross-time chain mediation model was constructed by AMOS structural equation model to explore the influence of paternal autonomy support on adolescent short-form video use, and the mediating effects of internalization problems and escape motivation. On this basis, a cross一lag model was constructed to investigate the causal relationship between variables. The results are as follows: (1) Girls, non-only-children, parents with lower education level and lower family income scored higher on the short-form video use for teenagers; paternal autonomy support scores higher in groups with more educated parents. (2) The development of adolescent short-form video use can be divided into five heterogeneous subgroups: stable low level group, stable medium-low level group, stable medium-high level group, stable high level group and significantly rising group. T1's paternal autonomy support significantly negatively predicted the developmental trajectory of adolescent short-form video use, and escape motivation significantly positively predicted the developmental trajectory of adolescent short-form video use, while depression and anxiety could not significantly predict the development trajectory of short-form video use. (3) T1 paternal autonomy support has a significant direct effect on T3 adolescents' short-form video use. T2 internalizing problems and T2 escape motivation are significant in the chain mediating path between T1 paternal autonomy support and T3 adolescents' short-form video use. (4) T1 paternal autonomy support could not significantly predict T2 and T3 adolescents' short-form video use, but T2 paternal autonomy support could significantly predict T3 adolescents' short-form video use, and adolescent short-form video use could not predict paternal autonomy support; Internalizing problems at the former time point can significantly predict paternal autonomy support and escape motivation at the later time point, respectively. T1 paternal autonomy support could significantly predict T2 internalizing problems, but T2 paternal autonomy support could not significantly predict T3 internalizing problems. The escape motivation can not predict the internalizing problems of the later time point; T1 and T2 escape motivation can positively predict T2 and T3 short-form video use, T1 short-form video use can significantly predict T2 escape motivation, and T2 short-form video use can not predict T3 escape motivation. Conclusions: The intensity of most adolescents' short-form video use is relatively stable across time, and the group heterogeneity of its development trajectory is mainly manifested by the difference in the intensity of use. The cross-time influence of paternal autonomy support on adolescents' short-form video use is mainly caused by the chain mediating effect of adolescent internalization problems and escape motivation. Among them, adolescent' escape motivation and short-form video use have reciprocal causal effect, and paternal autonomy support and adolescent' internalizing problems are also two-way predictive. Therefore, to promote the healthy use of short-form videos among adolescents and reduce the risk of excessive use, on the one hand, we should pay attention to guiding the improvement of the level of fathers' autonomy support, on the other hand, we should focus on reducing the internalizing problem of adolescents and reducing the level of escape motivation. |
| 英文摘要 | 注意偏向是近年来研究者们探索焦虑成因的热点话题。注意偏向是指个体对某类刺激呈现不同的注意倾向，通常通过两种形式表现，一是更快投入注意，二是投入更多的注意。而注意偏向在注意加工的两个阶段均可发现，在自动加工阶段时对刺激的注意定向，和策略加工阶段对刺激的注意维持。注意偏向的现象在不同的人群有不同的表现，焦虑障碍患者对带有威肋、信息的刺激呈现注意偏向。然而，人们认为注意偏向不只是焦虑障碍的生理性现象，它对维持焦虑障碍病情亦承担着重要的角色。因此，探索个体的注意偏向情况，不仅可以为其焦虑水平提供可参考的生理性依据，亦可了解焦虑的成因及其加工机制，帮助进行有效的干预。 以往研究通常关注焦虑障碍患者和健康群体中的高特质焦虑进行研究，因为高特质焦虑人群往往更具备焦虑倾向。然而，焦虑障碍与焦虑状态是具有连续J性时间进程的关系，探究个体在高焦虑状态人群的注意偏向特点，或许可以提供更多个体发展至焦虑障碍前的信息加工特点。 此外，目前研究关于焦虑对负性刺激呈现注意偏向的具体成分的影响仍存在争议。由于前人采用不同的实验范式和刺激材料，实验结果对注意偏向的总结并不全面。除了在实验范式上应控制与注意无关的其他反应，实验的刺激亦应根据材料自身的特点进行选取。例如，情绪面孔是常见的刺激材料，但由于面孔的部位具备不同的功能意义，个体对不同部位的注意反应不应以面孔作为整体而一概而论，解释个体对面孔的注意时应把此特点考虑在内。因此，考察焦虑障碍及在焦虑状态的个体对特定刺激的注意偏向机制，具有重要的理论和实践意义。 研究I通过状态焦虑问卷，从92个普通被试群体中筛选出高焦虑状态个体和低焦虑状态个体各25名，采用2(组别:高焦虑状态组，低焦虑状态组)x '7(情绪面孔类型:正性、中性、愤怒、厌恶、恐惧、悲伤、惊讶)的混合双因素设计，眼动自由观看范式，使用中国面孔表情图片系统作为材料，考察高、低焦虑状态人群的注意偏向加工特点。结果发现，高焦虑状态组对负性刺激的注意偏向发生在早期加工阶段，存在注意定向加速，在后期加工阶段不存在注意偏向情况。低焦虑状态组不存在注意偏向情况。 研究II通过医院招募被诊断焦虑障碍患者28名，通过广告招募并通过焦虑自测量表筛选健康被试28名，采用2(组别:焦虑障碍组，健康组)x '7(情绪面孔类型:正性、中性、愤怒、厌恶、恐惧、悲伤、惊讶)的混合双因素设计，考察焦虑障碍患者和健康人群的注意偏向加工特点。结果发现，焦虑障碍组对五大负性情绪面孔均存在注意定向加速，在策略加工阶段尤其对愤怒和恐惧情绪面孔存在注意解除困难情况。健康组在自动加工阶段无注意偏向现象，在策略加工阶段对愤怒情绪面孔存在注意回避情况。同时，在此基础上，进一步探究焦虑障碍群体对单独情绪面孔的注意偏向成分，并且细化兴趣区至面孔部位。研究采用2(组别:焦虑障碍组，健康组)x6(兴趣区:眼睛、眼周、鼻子、嘴部、面部、空白)的混合双因素设计，考察焦虑障碍患者和健康人群对负性情绪面孔的注意偏向成分。结果发现，焦虑障碍组和健康组在注意自动加工阶段，均表现出注意回避情况。在策略加工阶段，焦虑障碍组对负性情绪面孔尤其厌恶情绪存在注意解除困难情况。 综合以上两个研究结果，本研究得出以下研究结论:个体在高焦虑状态的注意偏向存在独特性，其表现介于低焦虑状态和焦虑障碍之间。在注意加工的早期阶段，处在高焦虑状态的个体存在注意定向加速，在注意加工的晚期阶段不存在注意偏向的情况。尽管在策略加工层面，处在高焦虑状态的个体并无统计意义上的显著差异，但从注意资源的分配模式可以发现，高焦虑状态人群的加工模式与焦虑障碍患者较为相似。焦虑障碍患者的注意偏向在正负性刺激同时呈现条件下，在注意加工早期阶段存在注意定向加速，晚期阶段存在注意解除困难情况;在仅有负性刺激呈现条件下，在注意加工早期阶段存在注意回避，晚期阶段依然存在注意解除困难。 近年来快速崛起的社交媒体，用户规模快速扩大，青少年已经成为重要的短视频用户，其使用问题也日益受到重视。过往研究发现，父母教养方式和个人因素(如内化问题、使用动机)都与青少年短视频使用密切相关，但其中的作用机制尚不明确。且目前的研究多为横断研究，很难揭示变量之间的因果关系，对青少年短视频使用的发展特点和个体差异也缺乏研究。本研究的目的是通过追踪研究，了解青少年短视频使用发展轨迹的群体异质性，结合家庭因素、个体情绪因素和使用动机，建立中介模型，揭示青少年短视频使用的影响因素及作用机制，并在此基础上通过交叉滞后模型探索变量之间的因果关系。 本研究的结果如下: (1）在青少年短视频使用上，女生、非独生子女、父母受教育程度更低、家庭收入更低的得分偏高;父亲自主支持在父母受教育程度更高的群体中得分更高。 (2）青少年短视频使用随时间变化可分为五个异质亚组，分别为稳定低水平组、稳定中低水平组、稳定中高水平组、稳定高水平组和显著上升组。T1的父亲自主支持显著负向预测青少年短视频使用的发展轨迹，逃避动机显著正向预测青少年短视频使用的发展轨迹，抑郁和焦虑无法显著预测短视频使用的发展轨迹。 (3) T1父亲自主支持对T3青少年短视频使用的直接效应显著，T2内化问题和T2逃避动机在T1父亲自主支持与T3青少年短视频使用之间的链式中介路径显著，T2内化问题和T2逃避动机的独立中介均不显著。 (4) T1父亲自主支持无法显著预测T2, T3的青少年短视频使用，T2父亲自主支持可以显著预测T3青少年短视频使用，青少年短视频使用无法预测父亲自主支持;前一时间点的内化问题分别可以显著预测后一时间点的父亲自主支持和逃避动机;T1父亲自主支持可以显著预测T2内化问题，T2父亲自主支持无法显著预测T3内化问题;逃避动机均无法预测后一时间点的内化问题;T1,T2逃避动机可以显著正向预测T2, T3的短视频使用，T1短视频使用可以显著预测T2逃避动机，T2短视频使用无法预测T3逃避动机。 研究结论:大多数青少年短视频使用强度存在跨时间的相对稳定性，其发展轨迹的群体异质性主要表现为使用强度的差异;父亲自主支持对于青少年短视频的跨时间影响更多是通过青少年内化问题和逃避动机的中介作用发生的，这其中青少年逃避动机和短视频使用存在互为因果的效应，父亲自主支持与青少年内化问题也具有双向预测性。因此，促进青少年健康使用短视频，降低过度使用风险，一方面要注重引导提高父亲自主支持水平，另一方面要着力减少青少年的内化问题，降低逃避动机水平。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45119]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 骆帼婷. 父亲自主支持与青少年短视频使用:一项追踪研究[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2022. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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