精神分裂症患者自杀企图与临床症状及认知障碍的关系
文献类型：学位论文
| 作者 | 刘冉 |
| 答辩日期 | 2021-12 |
| 文献子类 | 继续教育硕士 |
| 授予单位 | 中国科学院大学 |
| 授予地点 | 中国科学院心理研究所 |
| 其他责任者 | 张向阳 |
| 关键词 | 精神分裂症 自杀 临床症状 认知功能 |
| 学位名称 | 理学硕士 |
| 学位专业 | 健康心理学 |
| 其他题名 | Prevalence, cognitive impairment and clinical correlates of suicide attempts in Chinese medicated chronic inpatients with schizophrenia |
| 中文摘要 | Background: The incidence of suicide attempts and suicide mortality in patients with chronic schizophrenia is much higher than in the general population. Contemporary studies suggest that the lifetime suicide rate of people with schizophrenia is about 10%. There is considerable evidence that suicide is the biggest cause of reduced life expectancy in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, it is very important to identify the risk factors for suicide in schizophrenia patients to reduce the incidence of suicide in schizophrenia patients. Previous studies have shown that schizophrenics who have attempted suicide have higher cognitive function than those who have not. The main objective of this study was to examine the incidence of suicide attempts among hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia in China and to investigate the association of suicide attempts with clinical variables and cognitive function.Methods: A total of 988 among patients with chronic schizophrenia were enrolled in a cross-sectional experiment. We designed a detailed clinical questionnaire and collected general and clinical data.In the questionnaire, we designed special items to collect data on suicide attempts, as well as from case records and interviews with patients and their families.Symptoms were assessed by PANSS and cognitive function by RBANS.All patients were divided into those who had attempted suicide and those who had not, and differences in general data, clinical symptoms, and cognitive function were compared.The main statistical analysis methods used include chi-square test, T test, analysis of variance, logistic regression and multiple linear regression.Results: In this study, the incidence of suicide attempt in hospitalized patients with chronic schizophrenia was 22.1%, which was close to the incidence level of foreign studies. The study examined a younger average age of suicide attempts, younger age of first hospitalization, more severe positive symptoms, and less severe negative symptoms. The study found that the suicide attempt group had higher insomnia, body weight and BMI, and higher rates of alcohol consumption. Moreover, the study showed that people who had attempted suicide had better levels of cognitive function in terms of attention.Conclusions: Inpatients with chronic schizophrenia in China are at high risk of suicide attempt. Patients with chronic schizophrenia with long course of disease and mild positive symptoms have a higher risk of suicide attempt. People with chronic schizophrenia who suffer from insomnia, obesity and alcohol abuse are at higher risk of suicide attempts; Meanwhile, suicide attempts in patients with chronic schizophrenia are associated with attention aspects of cognitive function. |
| 英文摘要 | 研究背景：慢性精神分裂症患者的自杀企图发生率和自杀死亡率都远高于一般人群。当代研究表明，精神分裂症患者一生的自杀率约10%。相当多的证据表明，自杀是导致精神分裂症患者预期寿命下降的最大原因。因此，识别精神分裂症患者自杀的危险因素，对于降低精神分裂症患者的自杀发生率至关重要。先前的研究表明，有自杀企图的精神分裂症患者比无自杀企图的患者有更高的认知功能。本研究的主要目的是检查中国住院治疗的慢性精神分裂症患者自杀企图发生率、研究自杀企图与临床变量以及认知功能的联系。方法：本研究采用横断面设计、共纳入988名慢性精神分裂症住院患者，设计了详细的临床问卷，收集病人的一般资料和临床相关资料。在问卷中，设计了专门的条目收集自杀企图的数据，同时也来自病例记录和对病人及其家人的访谈。患者的症状评估采用阳性阴性综合症状量表(PANSS[i])、认知功能采用RBANS[ii]。根据病人有无自杀企图史把所有患者划分为有自杀企图组和无自杀企图组，然后比较两组一般性资料、临床症状和认知功能方面的差异性。采用的主要统计分析方法包括：卡方检验、t检验、方差分析、逻辑回归和多元线性回归。结果：本研究发现慢性精神分裂症住院患者自杀企图发生率为22.1%，与国外的研究结果的发生率水平接近。本研究验证了有自杀企图者平均年龄更小、首次住院年龄更小、阳性症状更严重、但阴性症状较轻。本研究发现有自杀企图组的失眠指数更高，体重和BMI[iii]指数以及饮酒率更高。而且，本研究显示了有自杀企图者在认知功能的注意力方面具有更好的水平。结论：中国慢性精神分裂症住院患者是自杀企图的高风险人群；病程长，阳性症状较重阴性症状较轻的慢性精神分裂症患者具有更高的自杀企图风险；患有失眠、肥胖和酗酒的慢性精神分裂症患者具有更高的自杀企图风险；同时，慢性精神分裂症患者的自杀企图与认知功能的注意力方面有关。 |
| 语种 | 中文 |
| 源URL | [http://ir.psych.ac.cn/handle/311026/45228]  |
| 专题 | 心理研究所_健康与遗传心理学研究室 |
| 推荐引用方式 GB/T 7714 | 刘冉. 精神分裂症患者自杀企图与临床症状及认知障碍的关系[D]. 中国科学院心理研究所. 中国科学院大学. 2021. |
入库方式： OAI收割
来源：心理研究所
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